Key Vocabulary

1. motion, specifically the energy an object or particle possesses due to being in movement
5. the natural tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion
8. the measure of the gravitational force acting on an object
10. the rate of change of an object's velocity with respect to time
12. a state of balance or stability where opposing forces, influences, or reaction rates are equal
15. the push or pull acting on an object
16. a principle stating that a specific, measurable property of an isolated system remains constant over time, regardless of internal changes
17. a mathematical number described solely by it's magnitude and units possessing no direction
18. the rate of change of an object's velocity with respect to time

2. the ratio of useful energy or work output to the total energy or work input in a system
3. a measurement of how far apart objects, points or locations are
4. the rate of change of an object's position with respect to time
6. a quantity that possesses both magnitude (size or strength) and a specific direction
7. the vector quantity representing the change in an object's position
9. stored energy, representing the capacity to perform work
11. the law that every object with mass attracts every other object in the universe in proportion to each mass and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them
13. property of matter that measures an objects inertia, and the total amount of matter it contains
14. the conservative property that a physical system must transfer to perform work