Across
- 2. During firing or cooling schedule (ramp), the act of holding kiln at steady temperature for a period of time to allow proper formation or maturation of certain clay and glaze effects.
- 4. Second firing. Kiln firing in which glazes are melted to form a smooth glassy surface.
- 5. Low-temperature firing range, usually below cone 02 (2048° F), used for most bisque-firing and for glaze-firing terra cotta and whiteware.
- 7. The profile or schedule for temperature change in a kiln-firing, often including both the heating and cooling ramps.
- 9. furniture piece equipped with ceramic or metallic points designed to support fully glazed wares during firing.
- 10. A broken fragment of pottery.
- 14. High-temperature firing range usually including cone 8 to cone 12, for firing stoneware or porcelain.
- 17. a triangular piece of material that melts at a known temperature and is used to indicate the temperature of a kiln.
- 18. Permanent contraction of the clay in both drying and firing stages.
- 20. Liquid wax that is applied to prevent glaze from adhering to certain areas.
- 23. A chimney or fan-forced mechanical system that draws air out of the kiln.
- 24. The matching of glaze to clay body in terms of composition and coefficient of expansion so that it will adhere permanently. Example: Low- fire glaze should be used on low-fire clay bodies.
Down
- 1. Explains the temperatures of each cone, speed of firing, correct firing ranges for various types of clay bodies and glazes.
- 3. To place wares in a kiln. Or, in a loaded kiln, the entire structure of shelves, furniture, and wares.
- 6. A specialized oven or furnace used for firing clay for ceramics.
- 8. Glaze defect characterized by fine pinholes in the surface—often caused by pinholes already present in dry unfired glaze coating. Can also be caused by burst bubbles in glaze surface that are not given opportunity to “heal” at end of firing.
- 9. coating applied to the top surface of a kiln shelf to protect it from glaze runs, drips and other accidents that occur in red hot kilns, like pots that tip over, bloating or melting clay bodies, etc.
- 11. Low-fired clay body. Matures from 1745℉ and 2012℉. (cone 06-04)
- 12. Low, medium & high. the rate per hour at which the temperature is increased in the kiln.
- 13. High-fire clay body containing kaolin, silica, fluxes, and often ball clay to increase plasticity, with total clay component not more than 50%. Usually pure white or “eggshell” in color; some porcelains may fire translucent where thin.
- 15. heating to a temperature that brings about a physical and chemical change to clay.
- 16. Low temperature, porous earthenware clay body, fires red-brown due to high iron content, which also fluxes clay, making it the most durable low-fired clay after firing.
- 19. First firing. Initial kiln firing in which clay sinters without vitrifying, and though very porous, will no longer soften in water.
- 21. High-fired clay body, literally as hard and durable as stone. Matures from 2200-2400° F. (cone 5–11).
- 22. Process of loading a kiln, or technically, of placing the set.