Across
- 4. is the brown pigment (a xanthophyll) found in brown algae (seaweeds) and diatoms.
- 8. are solid lumps on plant roots formed by symbiotic bacteria and perform nitrogen fixation.
- 11. (sausage shape)
- 13. DNA sequences that can move to different locations within a genome, altering genetic identity, genome size, and gene function by disrupting or regulating genes.
- 14. is when they have an identical shape and appearance.
- 15. is the mass of hyphae that make up an individual organism.
- 16. in meiosis I when homologous chromosomes pair up tightly to form a bivalent or tetrad so they can cross over.
- 19. is the pairing and fusion of morphologically similar haploid gametes to form a diploid
- 20. is a type of sexual reproduction with egg and sperm.
- 23. are in the root tips of plants and are localized areas of rapid cell division due to active growth.
- 24. Rhodophyta
- 25. (comma shape)
- 26. are specialized, simple or branched stalks (hyphal branches) in fungi that produce asexual spores called conidia, acting like tiny spore-producing factories to facilitate rapid fungal reproduction and dispersal
- 30. is from brown algae that is used in ice cream, piant….
- 31. is the first single cell formed sexually, containing (DNA) from both parents to develop into a new, unique organism
- 32. is the diploid (2n), spore-producing stage in the life cycle of plants and algae, characterized by its role in generating haploid spores through meiosis
- 33. is sexual reproduction when genetic material is transferred to another bacterium and a new set of genes is assembled.
- 35. is the arrangement of astral microtubules radiating from a centriole. (none in plants)
- 37. is a hard resistant structure that’s dried plasmodium and remain dormant until conditions improve.
- 38. is the process of converting nitrogen gas into usable forms like ammonia so it’s available for organisms to build proteins and nucleic acids.
- 39. are small, nucleus-like structures containing chromosomes that fail to incorporate into the main nucleus during cell division. Linked to cancer
- 41. is a protective covering or tubular structure
- 42. is a cell state where two genetically different nuclei coexist within a single cell.
Down
- 1. (curly shape)
- 2. tests how sensitive bacteria is to antibiotics.
- 3. is the bodily movement in response to light, either toward the source of light or away.
- 5. in cyanobacteria are Specialized cells that fix nitrogen from the atmosphere.
- 6. (round shape)
- 7. earth is powder made from diatoms
- 9. is a reproductive cycle which haploid gametophytes produces gametes that fuse to form a zygote that germinates to produce a diploid sporophyte.
- 10. Phaeophyta
- 12. are crosswalls that separate cytoplasm and nuclei into cells.
- 17. are fungi that obtain food from dead organic matter.
- 18. is the gamete-producing and usually haploid phase, producing the zygote from which the sporophyte arises. It is the dominant form in bryophytes.
- 21. is a form of asexual reproduction where a single parent cell or organism divides into two or more daughter cells or individuals.
- 22. is the basic structure of a fungi, a slender filament of cytoplasm and nuclei enclosed by a cell wall.
- 27. is asexual reproduction where a new individual grows from an outgrowth (bud) on the parent. It’s a different size.
- 28. is a visible speck or patch of millions of bacterial cells that are typically the progeny of a single cell that reproduced on the agar’s surface.
- 29. are multinucleate and don’t have septa. (aseptate)
- 34. is a form of asexual reproduction where a parent organism breaks into distinct pieces, and each piece grows into a new, genetically identical individual.
- 36. is when it contains a single nucleus.
- 40. is a “false foot” used for movement and feeding