Across
- 4. A short single-stranded nucleic acid used by all living organisms in the initiation of DNA synthesis
- 6. A type of single-stranded RNA involved in protein synthesis
- 7. A plant, fungus, or microorganism that lives on dead or decaying organic matter
- 11. A change in the DNA sequence of an organism
- 12. A laboratory tool commonly used in chemistry, biology and medicine to transport a measured volume of liquid, often as a media dispenser
- 13. The biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule
- 14. An infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism
- 15. The emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation
- 16. When a buffer has a pH higher than 7 it is _
- 17. A laboratory technique for rapidly producing (amplifying) millions to billions of copies of a specific segment of DNA
Down
- 1. An enzyme that can catalyze the joining of two large molecules by forming a new chemical bond
- 2. Enzymes that create DNA molecules by assembling nucleotides
- 3. One of two or more versions of DNA sequence (a single base or a segment of bases) at a given genomic location
- 5. A method to purify DNA by using physical and/or chemical methods from a sample separating DNA from cell membranes, proteins, and other cellular components
- 8. Any of a group of basic proteins found in chromatin which act as spools around which DNA winds to create nucleosomes
- 9. A self-replicating material that is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes
- 10. Two complementary DNA nucleotide bases that pair together to form a “rung of the DNA ladder.”