Law 101

3. The “guilty act” or physical part of a crime.
6. A defence where a person argues they broke the law to avoid a greater immediate harm.
7. The person who directly commits the offence.
10. A generally more serious type of criminal offence with more serious procedures and penalties.
13. The federal law that applies to young people aged 12 to under 18 who are accused of crimes in Canada.
14. The area of law dealing with disputes between people, companies, organizations, or groups.
16. A defence where a person argues they used force to protect themselves or someone else.
19. A defence where the accused says they were somewhere else when the crime happened.
21. A person harmed by a crime.
22. A person who helps a crime happen.
23. When a person knows there is a risk but goes ahead anyway.
24. The standard of proof in civil law, meaning “more likely than not.”
26. The legal finding that an accused person committed a criminal offence.
27. A person who is present but not necessarily legally involved.
28. Part of Canada’s Constitution that protects rights and freedoms, including legal rights during searches, arrests, trials, and punishment.
30. When a person fails to take reasonable care; in criminal law, this usually must be very serious.

1. A generally less serious type of criminal offence with a simpler court process.
2. A defence where a person argues they were forced to commit an offence because of threats.
3. Trying to commit a crime but not completing it.
4. When a person means to do an act or means to cause a result.
5. The main federal law that lists most criminal offences in Canada, including assault, theft, robbery, murder, fraud, and impaired driving.
8. The high standard of proof required in criminal law.
9. A debated term for an offence where there may not be a clear individual victim.
11. An offence that the Crown can choose to treat as either summary or indictable.
12. The state prosecutor in a Canadian criminal case.
15. A person who sees or hears something important related to the offence.
17. The area of law dealing with behaviour considered harmful enough for the state to prosecute.
18. The “guilty mind” or mental element of a crime.
20. A person who encourages or supports a crime.
25. The legal finding in civil law that a person or organization is legally responsible for harm or loss.
29. The Canadian legal term for not being criminally responsible because of a mental disorder.