Across
- 5. A poor farmer who was tied to the land and had to work for the lord.
- 8. A time when church officials in Spain hunted and punished people they thought had false religious beliefs.
- 10. Fierce warriors from Central Asia who built a huge empire across Asia and parts of Europe.
- 11. Groups of people (like the Goths and Vandals) who lived in Europe and helped bring down the Roman Empire.
- 12. Charging interest (extra money) on loans, which was often banned by the church.
- 15. A document from 1215 that limited the king’s power and gave people some basic rights.
- 18. A code of honor for knights, including bravery, fairness, and protecting the weak.
- 19. Describing a perfect world where everything is ideal and everyone is happy.
- 20. A group of nomadic people who attacked parts of Europe and later became the ancestors of modern Hungarians.
- 21. Another word for the Middle Ages, the time between ancient and modern history.
- 22. A belief that people and their achievements are important (not just religious things).
- 23. A person who gives money to support artists, writers, or projects.
- 24. A system of law based on customs and court decisions rather than written codes.
Down
- 1. A Germanic tribe that built a strong kingdom in what is now France and Germany.
- 2. A piece of land given to a vassal by a lord.
- 3. A long war (actually 116 years!) between England and France over who should be king.
- 4. Something that is not religious; connected to everyday life instead of the church.
- 6. A large piece of land owned by a lord, like a little village with farms, houses, and a church.
- 7. A group of people from Germany who moved to England and helped shape its early culture.
- 9. A system where land was exchanged for loyalty and service.
- 13. A person who promised to be loyal to a lord in exchange for land.
- 14. A deadly disease that killed millions of people in Europe during the Middle Ages.
- 16. A time of “rebirth” when art, learning, and culture became really important again in Europe.
- 17. Religious wars where Christians tried to take back the Holy Land from Muslim control.
