Across
- 1. state balance: the pre-Civil War political goal of maintaining an equal number of slave and free states to ensure an equal distribution of power in the U.S. Senate
- 4. slavery:one person has total ownership of another
- 5. Dix: prominent American reformer and advocate for the mentally ill during the 19th century.
- 8. Dougless: American social reformer, abolitionist, orator, writer, and statesman
- 9. toms cabin: a famous anti-slavery novel
- 11. Act: a U.S. law that created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska and allowed residents to vote on whether to allow slavery, a principle known as popular sovereignty
- 14. scott decisions: a 1857 Supreme Court ruling that declared African Americans were not citizens and had no rights, and that the government could not ban slavery in U.S. territories
- 15. the fact or process of being set free from legal, social, or political restrictions; liberation.
- 18. Kansas: a period of violent conflict from 1854 to 1859 between pro-slavery and anti-slavery settlers in the Kansas Territory
- 19. cotton: the South's economic dominance of cotton production in the years before the U.S. Civil War
- 21. Tubman: United States abolitionist
- 23. the withdrawal of 11 Southern states from the Union between 1860 and 1861
- 26. the act of making something ineffective or void.
- 27. the movement to end slavery and promote the emancipation of enslaved people
- 28. Clay: Henry Clay was an American lawyer and statesman who represented Kentucky in both the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives.
Down
- 2. auctions: usually took place on a raised platform with the auctioneer, audience, and the enslaved expected to enact their particular roles
- 3. truth: she believed that she was called by God to travel around the nation--sojourn--and preach the truth of his word
- 4. of 1850: five laws passed in September of 1850 that dealt with the issue of slavery and territorial expansion
- 6. Lloyld Garrison: American journalist, abolitionist, and social reformer
- 7. sovereignty: the principle that the authority of a government is created and sustained by the consent of its people, who are the ultimate source of power
- 8. slave act: a pair of federal laws passed in 1793 and 1850 that required the return of runaway enslaved people to their owners, even if they had escaped to free states
- 10. American war: a conflict fought between the United States and Mexico from 1846 to 1848, primarily over the U.S. annexation of Texas and westward expansion
- 12. railroad: a secret network of people and safe houses that helped enslaved people escape from bondage in the United States to free states and Canada
- 13. gin: a machine that separates cotton fibers from their seeds
- 16. Doctrine: a principle of US policy, originated by President James Monroe in 1823, that any intervention by external powers in the politics of the Americas is a potentially hostile act against the US.
- 17. second great awakening: refers to several periods of religious revival in American history
- 20. brown: abolitionist who was hanged after leading an unsuccessful raid at Harper's Ferry, Virginia (1800-1859)
- 22. temperance movement: The temperance movement was a social and political effort to reduce or eliminate alcohol consumption
- 24. Catchers: individuals or groups who hunted and apprehended enslaved people who had escaped from their enslavers, returning them to their owners
- 25. compromise: Admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a non-slave state at the same time