Lesson 13 Vocab

3. the native language of a people, region, or country
5. a religious group or movement within a larger religion sharing a common interpretation of that religion
8. an official church pardon that relieved Catholics from punishment for sins
9. expulsion from a church or religious community
11. a Christian who separated from the Catholic Church during the Reformation; today, any member of a Christian church founded on the principles of the Reformation
12. an intellectual movement of the 18th century that applied scientific methods to the study of society and government
13. rights that belong to people “by nature,” simply because they are human beings
14. the division of powers among branches of government
16. a method of investigation involving observation and theory to test scientific assumptions
17. a movement to revive and defend Catholicism in response to the Reformation

1. an agreement in which people give power to a government in return for its protections
2. a shift in thinking about the study of the natural world that began in the 1500s and departed from traditional religious teachings
4. a flowering of culture, based on classical Greek and Roman ideas, that began in Italy in around 1300 and later spread throughout Europe
6. non-religious; worldly
7. holding religious beliefs that contradict the teachings of the church
10. a Renaissance philosophy emphasizing the worth of the individual and balancing religious faith with secular learning
15. a reform movement of the 1500s that split the Catholic Church and gave birth to the Protestant religion