Across
- 2. reduced responsiveness to a drug or substance after repeated use.
- 7. chronic neurological sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable, sudden "sleep attacks" during the day, often involving a direct, involuntary lapse into REM sleep at inappropriate times.
- 9. a sleep disorder characterized by the, often exclusive, occurrence of breathing pauses during rapid eye movement sleep.
- 10. illegal and addictive drug derived from the morphine found in the seedpod of the opium poppy plant.
- 11. psychoactive drug derived from the Cannabis plant that contains the active ingredient THC.
- 14. the internal, biological "clock" that regulates bodily functions on a roughly 24-hour cycle.
- 17. chemical substances that alter perceptions, mood, and consciousness.
- 18. states that dreams result from the brain’s attempt to make sense of random neural activity.
- 19. persistent, recurring sleep disorder characterized by difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep.
- 20. drug obtained from leaves of the coca shrub and stimulate the nervous system.
- 23. the concept that sleep is essential for the body and mind to repair, recover, and replenish resources that are depleted during daily, wakeful activities.
- 26. any work schedule that falls outside the traditional 9-to-5, Monday-through-Friday daylight hours.
- 28. light-to-medium depth sleep stage lasting roughly 10–20 minutes, characterized by theta waves, further reductions in heart rate/temperature, and, most notably, sleep spindles and K-complexes
- 30. class of psychoactive drugs that reduce neural activity and slow down body functions.
- 32. the process by which newly acquired, unstable information is strengthened and stabilized in the brain, transforming it from short-term memory into long-lasting, stable long-term memory.
- 33. vivid, dreamlike sensory experiences—such as sensations of falling or floating.
- 34. stimulant drug that acts as a central nervous system stimulant and an antagonist of adenosine, a neurotransmitter that promotes sleep and relaxation.
Down
- 1. depressant drug that reduces neural activity and slows down the CNS.
- 3. drugs or substances that interfere with the process of neurotransmitter reabsorption by the presynaptic neuron.
- 4. the process by which unstable, newly acquired information in short-term memory is strengthened and transformed into stable, long-term memories over time.
- 5. awareness of ourselves and our environment.
- 6. a parasomnia characterized by the failure of normal muscle atonia during REM sleep, allowing the sleeper to physically act out vivid, often vivid, or violent dreams.
- 8. drug or chemical substance that binds to receptor sites and inhibits or blocks the action of a neurotransmitter
- 12. the deepest stage of non-REM sleep, often called slow-wave sleep (SWS), characterized by high-amplitude, low-frequency delta waves.
- 13. chronic, relapsing disorder characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use despite adverse, harmful consequences.
- 15. the initial, lightest, and shortest stage of sleep (about 5–10 minutes) acting as a transition from wakefulness to deeper sleep.
- 16. class of psychoactive drugs that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input.
- 21. class of drugs that act on the body's opioid receptors, reducing pain and producing feelings of euphoria.
- 22. parasomnia sleep disorder characterized by complex behaviors performed during partial arousal from deep, slow-wave sleep; also known as sleepwalking.
- 24. the increased frequency, intensity, and duration of rapid eye movement sleep that occurs following a period of REM sleep deprivation.
- 25. recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur.
- 26. class of psychoactive drugs that excite neural activity and speed up body functions.
- 27. chemical or drug that binds to a receptor site and triggers a response, mimicking or enhancing the effect of a natural neurotransmitter.
- 29. temporary circadian rhythm sleep disorder caused by rapid travel across multiple time zones.
- 31. physical and psychological symptoms of discomfort, distress, and cravings that occur when a person discontinues or significantly reduces the use of an addictive substance.