Logic

4. is a variable that is either true or false.
7. is the study of formal logic within mathematics.
8. For any two propositions p and q, the statement “if p then q” is called an implication and it is denoted by p\rightarrow q.
9. If two propositional logic statements φ and ψ always have the same truth values as one another.
10. are used to determine the sets that may be defined in a given structure.
12. For any two propositions p and q, their conjunction is denoted by p\wedge q, which means “p and q“.
13. is the study of symbolic manipulation.
14. This compilation of all possible scenarios in a tabular format.
15. is a mathematical system for reasoning about propositions and how they relate to one another.

1. is a type of logic that uses mathematical and philosophical symbols to show quantities and relationships.
2. This field is the study of membership of a given set by determining what can be calculated about that set in a finite number of steps.
3. For any two propositions p and q, their disjunction is denoted by p\vee q, which means “p or q“. The disjuction p\vee q is True when either p or q is True, otherwise False.
5. For any two propositions p and q, the statement “p if and only if(iff) q” is called a biconditional and it is denoted by p\leftrightarrow q.
6. “A False statement implies anything”
11. is the study of the relationship between formal theories.