Across
- 1. Theory that states the Earth's crust broken into plates that float on the upper mantle.
- 4. Comes from plants, insects, birds, animals, or any other thing that was once alive. As the decomposers, such as any organism, especially a soil bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate, that decomposes organic material, eat the dead organisms, and then excrete their waste, the soil becomes richer and darker.
- 5. Core The entirely solid layer that is made up of solid iron and nickel
- 7. farming with row patterns that run nearly level around the hill as opposed to up and down the hill
- 9. A process that turns sediment into sedimentary rock.
- 10. The upper, outermost layer of soil, usually the top 5–10 inches (13–25 cm). It has the highest concentration of organic matter and microorganisms and is where most of the Earth's biological soil activity occurs. Topsoil is composed of mineral particles, organic matter, water, and air.
- 13. the process of detecting and monitoring the physical characteristics of an area by measuring reflected and emitted radiation at a distance
- 14. The central part of the Earth.
- 15. A mountain or hill, typically conical, having a crater or vent through which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas are being or have been erupted from the earth's crust.
- 18. Process by which rock is broken down by water, wind, ice, and heat.continental drift Wegener's idea that there was gradual movement of the continents across the earth's surface through geological time.
- 19. A trembling and shaking of the earth's surface resulting from the sudden release of energy in the crust, either along fault lines or from volcanic activity.
- 20. place where all soil formation takes place as a result of the atmosphere, lithosphere, and hydrosphere coming together
- 21. Melted rock on the Earth's surface.
- 23. The boundary between the earth's mantle and crust.
Down
- 2. Occurs where two plates slide against each other. This movement is not smooth and involves a lot of tension. The movement results in an earthquake.
- 3. Underneath the lithosphere in the middle mantle layer composed mostly of molten rock.
- 6. The process by which weathered rock and soil are removed and then carried from one place to another.
- 8. A mixture of such minerals, rock fragments, volcanic glass, organic matter, or other natural materials.
- 11. Transference of energy through the Earth.
- 12. The layer that is beneath the asthenosphere in the lower mantle
- 14. practice of planting different crops sequentially on the same plot of land to improve soil health, optimize nutrients in the soil, and combat pest and weed pressure
- 16. boundaries Area where two or more tectonic plates meet.
- 17. Naturally occurring inorganic solid, with a definite chemical composition.
- 22. Made of loose, weathered rock and organic material in which plants with roots can grow. The rock material is composed of sand, silt, and clay.