Middle Ages

4. supreme religious authority in medieval Europe.
7. economic system centered around a lord's estate.
8. series of kingdoms that expanded across Europe and contributed to the spread of Islam.
9. condition in which peasants were bound to the land.

1. leader who established the largest contiguous land empire in history.
2. Death pandemic that caused a significant decline in Europe's population.
3. code of conduct associated with the medieval institution of knighthood.
5. office of the Pope, which held significant power and influence.
6. series of religious wars initiated by the Church to reclaim the Holy Land.
10. system of land ownership and duties that defined social classes in medieval Europe.