Marine biology

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  1. 4. Spongin is a fibrous protein that forms the skeletal framework of certain types of sponges. It provides structural support and flexibility to the sponge's body.
  2. 6. Refers to an organism that is permanently attached or fixed to a surface and does not move. Sponges are an example of sessile organisms.
  3. 8. An animal lacking a backbone or spinal column. Invertebrates make up the vast majority of animal species and include creatures such as insects, mollusks, and worms.
  4. 9. Porifera is a phylum of simple aquatic animals, commonly known as sponges. They are characterized by a porous body structure and are filter feeders.
  5. 12. A small, needle-like structure found in the body of certain sponges. Spicules can be made of calcium carbonate or silica and provide additional structural support and defense.
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  1. 1. Sponges are simple, aquatic animals belonging to the phylum Porifera. They have a porous body structure and are typically found in marine environments.
  2. 2. Budding is a form of asexual reproduction in which a new organism develops as an outgrowth or bud on the parent organism. The bud eventually separates and becomes an independent organism. This process is common in many organisms, including certain types of sponges.
  3. 3. An organism that obtains food particles by filtering them from the surrounding water or air. Sponges are filter feeders, capturing small particles from the water flowing through their pores.
  4. 5. An animal possessing a backbone or spinal column. Vertebrates include mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish.
  5. 7. Lacking symmetry, particularly radial or bilateral symmetry, where the two halves of an organism are not mirror images of each other. Sponges often exhibit asymmetrical body shapes.
  6. 10. Animalia is a kingdom in the biological classification system. It encompasses a vast array of multicellular, eukaryotic organisms that obtain nutrients through ingestion.
  7. 11. A large opening in a sponge's body through which water exits after passing through the sponge's internal channels. It helps expel waste and aids in respiration.