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- 3. The structure within cells that helps define their shape, maintains internal organization, and aids in division and movement.
- 4. A cellular organelle found in plant cells that contains the pigment chlorophyll and is the site where photosynthesis takes place.
- 10. endoplasmic reticulum- synthesizes lipids, phospholipids as in plasma membranes, and steroids.
- 13. apparatus-The cellular organelle that processes and packages proteins in preparation for secreting them from a cell.
- 14. The thick fluid inside cells that contains the organelles. Also called the cytosol.
- 15. endoplasmic reticulum- rough endoplasmic reticulum has on it ribosomes, which are small, round organelles whose function it is to make those proteins.
- 19. (1) The membranebound region of a eukaryotic cell that contains the genetic material. (2) The central portion of an atom where protons and neutrons are located.
- 20. A whiptlike cellular organelle similar in structure to a cilium but longer and used primarily for movement in many bacteria.
- 21. A cellular organelle that contains digestive enzymes.
- 22. A protective coating found outside the cell walls of many bacteria.
- 24. Describes cells lacking a true nucleus and membranetbound organelles.
- 26. vacuole- An organelle in plant cells that holds materials and helps maintain the cell’s shape through turgor pressure.
- 27. (1) Individual organisms of the same species living closely together. (2) A group of cells that live and work together. Unlike in a multicellular organism, cells in a colony may break away and survive on their own.
- 29. pressure- The pressure exerted by water in a full central vacuole upon the cytoplasm and cell membrane of a plant cell; maintains plant rigidity.
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- 1. The cellular organelle that directs the proteinbuilding process.
- 2. A nonpigmented cellular organelle found in plant cells whose functions include storing starches, lipids, and proteins.
- 5. A cellular organelle that functions in the organization of microtubules.
- 6. A stack of diskushaped thylakoids within a chloroplast.
- 7. Describes cells having a true nucleus as well as membranetbound organelles.
- 8. organism- An organism consisting of two or more cells and whose cells may not live independently apart from the organism.
- 9. A spherical structure within a eukaryotic cell’s nucleus where ribosomes are manufactured.
- 11. Structures found within the cytoplasm of cells that perform the various functions cells need to stay alive.
- 12. A group of cells that are specialized to perform a particular function.
- 16. theory- One of the fundamental models of biology that states that cells are the smallest form of life, come from preexisting cells, are the basic building block of all life forms, and carry out life processes to maintain homeostasis.
- 17. The non membranerbound region in prokaryotic cells that contains most of the genetic material.
- 18. system- A group of two or more organs that work together to perform a particular function.
- 22. The genetic material of eukaryotic cells consisting of DNA and associated proteins.
- 23. organism- An organism consisting of only one cell.
- 25. structure made of two or more tissues that work together to perform a particular function.
- 27. wall- A rigid structure made by cells of plants, fungi, and most bacteria to surround the cell membrane.
- 28. bilayer- The two layers of phospholipids that make up a cell membrane.