Across
- 2. Properties Characteristics of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing what the substance is chemically. They describe the substance (e.g., colour, melting point).
- 4. Properties Characteristics that describe how a substance reacts with other substances to form new substances. They describe its ability to change (e.g., flammability, ability to rust).
- 9. Mixture A mixture that is not uniform; you can easily see the different parts or phases, and the composition varies from one point to another (e.g., oil and water, pizza, granite rock).
- 11. The change of state from a solid to a liquid when heat is added (e.g., ice turning into water).
- 14. The change of state from a gas to a liquid when heat is removed (e.g., water droplets forming on a cold mirror).
- 15. The change of state directly from a solid to a gas, skipping the liquid phase (e.g., dry ice turning into fog).
- 16. Everything around you that has mass (how much "stuff" is in it) and takes up space (volume). If you can weigh it and touch it, it's matter!
- 17. The change of state from a liquid to a solid when heat is removed (e.g., water turning into ice).
- 18. The change of state from a liquid to a gas at the surface of the liquid (e.g., a puddle drying up).
- 20. Matter that has no fixed shape and no fixed volume. It will spread out to completely fill any container. Its particles are far apart and move randomly and quickly (e.g., air, steam).
- 21. Elements that have properties of both metals and non-metals. They sometimes conduct electricity, making them important in electronics (e.g., silicon).
Down
- 1. The change of state directly from a gas to a solid, skipping the liquid phase (e.g., frost forming on a window).
- 2. Substance Matter that is made up of only one type of particle throughout. It has specific properties that never change (e.g., pure water, gold).
- 3. Matter that has a fixed volume but takes the shape of its container. Its particles are close but can slide past each other (e.g., water, oil).
- 4. The science that studies matter—what it's made of (atoms), what properties it has, and how it can change from one thing into another (chemical reactions).
- 5. Mixture A mixture that looks completely uniform (the same) throughout, even under a microscope. You cannot see the different parts (e.g., sugar dissolved in water, air).
- 6. Elements that are typically shiny, good at conducting heat and electricity, and can be easily shaped (e.g., copper, iron).
- 7. Matter with a fixed shape and a fixed volume. Its particles are packed tightly together and vibrate in place (e.g., ice, a rock).
- 8. Matter that is made up of two or more pure substances that are physically combined but not chemically joined. They can usually be separated (e.g., sand and water, air, salad).
- 10. Elements that are usually dull (not shiny), poor conductors of heat and electricity, and often brittle or gases at room temperature (e.g., oxygen, sulfur).
- 12. A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means. It's the simplest form of matter (e.g., Oxygen (O), Gold (Au)).
- 13. A pure substance made of two or more different elements that are chemically joined together in a fixed ratio (e.g., Water, Salt (NaCl)). Breaking it requires a chemical reaction.
- 19. A special type of mixture (specifically, a homogeneous mixture) where one substance is completely and evenly dissolved in another (e.g., salt dissolved in water).