Across
- 7. attributes based on the position and characteristics of particles and can be measured without a change in the identity of the material.
- 9. the ability to transfer heat or electrons through a substance.
- 10. a state of matter in which the particles have enough energy to partially overcome the attractive forces. It will take on the shape of its container.
- 13. anything that takes up space and has mass.
- 15. a substance that consists of atoms of different elements chemically bonded together.
- 17. the measure of randomness or disorder. A measure of the increasing unavailability of useful energy.
- 18. a process that releases heat energy.
- 22. a state of matter in which the particles have relatively little energy and cannot overcome the attractive forces. The particles remain in fixed positions with set distances between them.
- 23. a substance that cannot be broken down by ordinary chemical means into anything that is both stable and simpler and whose atoms all have the same atomic number.
- 26. a number that appears in front of a chemical formula and indicates how many units of that substance are present.
- 30. mass cannot be created or destroyed. It can only change form.
- 31. the physical change from solid directly to gaseous form without becoming a liquid in between.
- 36. a type of element whose atoms bond into two-atom units.
- 37. a measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms, molecules, or ions in matter.
- 38. a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.
- 39. a temperature scale in which there are 180 divisions between the freezing and boiling points of water.
- 40. an element whose atoms exist independently.
- 42. the ability to be drawn into a wire.
- 44. the physical change from liquid to solid form.
- 46. them temperature at which all molecular motion would cease. The coldest temperature possible.
- 47. the ability to do work.
- 49. a one or two letter representation of an element.
- 50. the measure of the total kinetic energy of the molecules or ions in matter.
- 51. energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can only change form.
Down
- 1. how closely packed the particles of a material are.
- 2. energy due to motion.
- 3. the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius.
- 4. a combination of subscripts and chemical symbols that indicate the number and kinds of atoms that are present in a compound.
- 5. during any energy transformation, some energy goes to an unstable form.
- 6. a temperature scale that divides the range from the freezing point to boiling point in 100 increments and labels its zero as absolute zero.
- 8. the physical change from gas to liquid.
- 11. the most abundant form of matter. It consists of a gaseous sea of high-velocity electrons, ions, and neutral atoms.
- 12. two or more covalently bonded atoms found as a separate, distinct, independent unit.
- 14. the study of energy transformations in chemical and physical processes.
- 16. the theoretical 5th state of matter that will exist at absolute zero.
- 19. the capability of matter to be shaped by pounding.
- 20. a temperature scale that divides the range from freezing point to boiling point into increments of 100.
- 21. a mixture existing in only one distinctly separate region with its own properties. Also called a solution.
- 22. a number written at the lower right of a chemical symbol in a formula to indicate the number of components immediately preceding it.
- 24. an element whose atoms bond in multi-atom units.
- 25. when a substance is altered without changing its identity.
- 27. the physical change from solid to liquid.
- 28. describes how one substance will react in the presence of other substances.
- 29. the quantity of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water 1 degree Fahrenheit.
- 32. a mixture composed of two or more distinctly separate phases that have their own properties.
- 33. the SI unit of energy equal to 1 kgm^2/s^2.
- 34. the particles of matter are in constant motion and the properties of matter are consequences of that motion.
- 35. thermal energy in transit from one object to another.
- 41. two or more pure substances physically combined with no definite proportions.
- 43. a change in which a substance loses its characteristics and becomes one or more new substances.
- 45. a process that absorbs heat energy.
- 46. a neutral particle with a centrally located nucleus, consisting of protons and neutrons. It is surrounded by electrons and is the smallest representative unit in an element.
- 48. a state of matter in which the particles have enough energy to overcome the attractive forces. It has no definite size or shape.