Across
- 2. The left SL valve
- 5. Protects the hearts by reducing friction and is the visceral portion of the pericardium on the surface of the heart
- 7. The phase in which the chambers are contracting and blood is being ejected
- 11. Thick, fibrous membrane that surrounds the heart
- 12. The distance from the beginning of the P wave to the beginning of the QRS complex
- 17. Located in the thorax, anterior to the aorta and posterior to the upper septum
- 18. The two pumping chambers of the heart
- 21. The primary site of hematopoietic cell production
- 22. the right AV valve
- 26. the space between cells
- 31. The least common type of granulocyte
- 32. Begins at the J point and ends at the T wave, represents early ventricular repolarization
- 34. The middle layer of blood vessels. Composed of elastic connective tissue and smooth muscle cells
- 35. The outermost layer of blood vessels
- 37. The period between two successive QRS complexes, it can be used to calculate the heart rate and determine the regularity of the patients cardiac rhythm
- 38. Consists of three waveforms, represents ventricular depolarization
- 39. A slight variation in cycling of a sinus rhythm, usually exceeding 0.12 seconds
- 40. Represents all the electrical activity of one complete ventricular cycle
- 42. Distortion of an ECG tracing caused by interference, such as a patient moving
- 43. The force against which the ventricles must contract to eject blood
- 46. Produce antibodies
- 47. Refers to an impulse or rhythm that originates from a site other than the SA node
- 48. The percentage of blood that leaves the heart each time it contracts
- 51. The number of cardiac contractions per minute
- 52. The ongoing process by which RBCs are made
- 54. The volume of blood in the ventricle at the end of diastole and is the primary reflection of venous return
- 55. The network of cardiac tissue that initiates and conducts electrical impulses
- 58. The phase in in which there is a period of relaxation during which the chambers are allowed to fill
- 60. The ability of cardiac pacemaker cells to create an electrical impulse without being stimulated from another source
- 61. Pressure exerted by a liquid and occurs when blood is moved through the artery at relatively high pressure
- 62. the portion of the vasculature consisting of the arterioles, capillaries, and venules
- 63. The pacemaker is still the SA node but the rate is less than 60 BPM
- 64. The first negative deflection of the QRS complex
- 65. The cessation of cardiac mechanical activity, as confirmed by the absence of signs of circulation
- 66. Group of cells composed of thin fibers located in the floor of the right atrium immediately behind the tricuspid valve. Function is to delay impulse
- 67. Carry oxygen to the tissues
- 68. A mass of specialized tissue located high in the right atrium and is the normal site of origin of electrical impulse
- 69. Cessation of bleeding
- 70. When the SA node is still the pacemaker but the heart rate is typically 101-180 BPM
- 71. An excessive concentration of potassium in the blood
- 73. The immediate physiologic response to bleeding
Down
- 1. An abnormal whooshing sound heard over the heart that indicates turbulent blood flow through the heart valves
- 3. Refers to leads that view geographically similar areas of the myocardium, which can be useful for localizing areas of ischemia,injury, or infarction
- 4. One of the first lines of defense in the inflammatory process
- 6. The Right SL valve
- 8. The most common type of granulocyte
- 9. The amount of blood pumped out by either ventricle in a single cardiac contraction
- 10. A form of osmotic pressure exerted by proteins in the blood plasma that usually tends to pull water into the circulatory system
- 12. The first wave of an ECG complex
- 13. heart rhythm disturbance
- 14. The pressure that the blood exerts against the walls of the arteries as it passes through them
- 15. The innermost layer of blood vessels
- 16. The middle layer of the heart wall found between the epicardium and endocardium
- 19. Normal heart sounds are often described as this
- 20. The thick piece of tissue that divides the heart into left and right halves
- 23. The two receiving chambers of the heart
- 24. The left AV valve
- 25. Made up of epithelium and connective tissue with many elastic and collagenous fibers. This surface is smooth so as not to disrupt blood flow or platelets as they pass through the heart
- 27. A rhythm that originates from a site above the ventricles with a ventricular rate faster than 100 BPM at rest
- 28. Refers to the rate of contraction of the heart
- 29. The point in an ECG at which the QRS complex ends and the St segment begins
- 30. Important for blood clotting, makes up about 4% of the plasma proteins
- 31. An abnormal whooshing sound heard over a main blood vessel that indicates turbulent blood flow through the vessel
- 32. Any downward deflection after the R wave
- 33. Specialized part of the venous system that carries capillary blood that is rich in digestive nutrients from the digestive organs to the liver
- 36. The portion of the descending aorta that extends from the aortic arch to the diaphragm
- 41. Refers to the contractility of the heart
- 44. Is composed of plasma and formed cellular fragments
- 45. Located in the upper left abdominal cavity, inferior to the diaphragm and posterior and lateral to the stomach
- 49. The first vessel to branch from the aortic arch
- 50. The largest artery in the body
- 53. After passing through the AV node, the impulse enters this which is located in the upper portion of the interventricular septum
- 56. A graphic record of the changes in voltage that occur in the heart muscle during depolarization and repolarization
- 57. A disease causing agent
- 59. A low concentration of potassium in the blood
- 61. The driving force behind the cardiovascular system
- 72. The first upward deflection of the QRS complex