Across
- 5. Associations formed by merchants and artisans.
- 8. Estate granted to a vassal from his/her lord.
- 9. Most peasants on a manor that are bound to the land.
- 10. Greek city that Constantine rebuilt and renamed.
- 14. The practice of lending money at interest.
- 15. A lord's estate.
- 17. Mounted warrior.
- 19. Great divide within the Christian world.
- 22. A series of wars in which Christians battled Muslims for control of land in the Middle East.
- 23. Lesser lords that got landholdings from powerful local lords.
Down
- 1. Justinian's wife, advisor, and co-ruler.
- 2. Byzantine emperor from 527 to 565 that grew the empire to its greatest size.
- 3. Monks who traveled widely preaching to the poor.
- 4. Groups of merchants joined together.
- 6. Wandering musician-poets.
- 7. The sacred rites of the Church.
- 11. Mock battles.
- 12. Charles Martel's grandson aka "Charles the Great".
- 13. Sole ruler with complete authority.
- 16. Money for investment.
- 18. Latin term for "middle age".
- 20. King of the Franks.
- 21. A church court set up to try people accused of heresy.