Mesopotamia Review

4. A complex society with cities, government, religion, social classes, and organized systems.
8. The sacred text of Judaism that contains laws and teachings.
9. A large, step-shaped temple built in ancient Mesopotamian cities.
11. The spread of ideas, beliefs, and technologies from one group or region to another.
13. The belief in one god.
14. The idea that laws apply equally to everyone and must be followed.
15. To supply water to land or crops using canals or other systems.

1. The world’s first system of writing, developed in Mesopotamia using wedge-shaped symbols on clay tablets.
2. One of the earliest written sets of laws, created by the Babylonian king Hammurabi.
3. A powerful Phoenician city-state in North Africa that became a major trading center.
5. Ancient seafaring traders who spread ideas and goods across the Mediterranean.
6. The system or group that rules and organizes a society.
7. A valuable dye made by the Phoenicians from sea snails; it was rare and became a symbol of wealth and power.
10. A region in the Middle East with rich soil where early civilizations developed.
12. A writing system in which symbols represent sounds; the Phoenicians developed an early alphabet.
15. An established organization or system (such as government, religion, or education) that influences how people live.