MICROBIOLOGY CH. 3

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Across
  1. 6. sites of protein synthesis; prokaryotic are smaller than eukaryotic
  2. 7. many archaea are referred to as this; ex. some live in extremely high or low temperatures
  3. 8. positive is movement toward a favorable chemical stimulus; negative movement away from a chemical stimulus
  4. 13. link cell wall to plasma membrane; unique to gram-positive cell walls
  5. 14. external structure of bacteria involved in mobility; part of the body of bacterium
  6. 19. known as "bacilli"; rod-shaped; one of the three main shapes of bacteria
  7. 20. chains of single cells
  8. 22. external structure of bacteria involved in mobility; outside of the body of bacterium
  9. 25. mostly composed of water; contains a mixture of sugars, amino acids, and salts
  10. 26. acid-fast bacteria
  11. 27. the connection and exchange of genetic material between bacterial cells
  12. 28. a type of polysaccharide that coats the surface of many bacterial cells; can be a slime layer or, more commonly, a capsule
  13. 29. responsible for persistent colonization of teeth, plastic catheters, and implanted medical devices
  14. 31. all living organisms (the three domains) have this scientific name
  15. 32. external structure of bacteria involved in attachment; used in conjugation between bacterial cells
  16. 35. found in some bacterial cells; protect against harsh environment conditions
  17. 39. bacterial cell walls contain this; a polysaccharide (carbohydrate) crosslinked with protein units
  18. 41. pairs of single cells
  19. 42. membrane lipids with attached carbohydrates
  20. 43. their cell walls have no peptidoglycan, they use pseudomurein in their cell walls and have a carb/protein composition; exhibit unusual and chemically distinct cell walls
  21. 44. nonessential, usually circular, small pieces of DNA, encode for protective traits such as drug resistance, toxin, and enzyme production
Down
  1. 1. bacteria have a thick layer of peptidoglycan
  2. 2. commonly produced by bacillus-type bacteria, induced by environmental conditions, resist extremes
  3. 3. flagella are dispersed randomly over the surface of the cell
  4. 4. bunches of flagella emerging from the same site; polar
  5. 5. membrane proteins with attached carbohydrates
  6. 9. helps determine the shape of a bacterium; provides strong structural support to keep the bacterium from bursting or collapsing
  7. 10. formed by many pathogenic bacteria giving them greater disease-causing abilities
  8. 11. extrachromosomal DNA found in some bacterial cells
  9. 12. small, bristle-like fibers sprouting off the surface of many bacterial cells; allow tight adhesion and bacteria to colonize and infect host cell
  10. 15. an atypical cell wall; similar to gram positive cell walls (thick petidoglycan); also have waxy lipid bound to peptidoglycan
  11. 16. grape-like clusters of cells
  12. 17. groups of four single cells
  13. 18. where genetic material is found in the bacterial cell wall
  14. 21. bacterial DNA exists as a single, circular bacterial __
  15. 23. bacteria have a thin layer of peptidoglycan; also have an outer membrane component to their cell wall
  16. 24. known as "cocci"; spherical shaped; one of the three main shapes of bacteria
  17. 30. single flagellum; polar
  18. 33. flagella at both poles of the cell
  19. 34. spiral shaped; ex. spirillium, spirochete, vibrio; one of the three main shapes of bacteria
  20. 36. members of the domains Bacteria and Archaea both possess this
  21. 37. the makeup of the cell wall of archaea includes
  22. 38. the makeup of the cell wall of bacteria includes
  23. 40. flagella attached at one of both ends of the cell