Across
- 2. Nonspecific signs of infectious disease
- 7. Evidence of an infection
- 8. Derived from the bone marrow and plays an important role in humoral responses
- 9. Adaptive immunity that is slow, powerful and specific
- 12. The way the pathogen gets from the reservoir to the host
- 15. An animal that carries the pathogen from the reservoir to the new host
- 16. The number of organisms required to cause an infection
- 18. Part of non specific surface defences that initiate inflammation
- 22. Infections from animals
- 23. The ability of an organism to cause disease
- 25. Test the concentration of an antibody in the patient’s serum
- 27. A host who harbours a pathogen for a long time and doesn’t get an infectious disease from it
- 31. Normal flora of the skin
- 33. Infective dose, adhesions, toxins and enzymes are examples of
- 35. Natural immunity that is fast, nonspecific and no prior exposure is required
- 37. Communities of microbes living and working together
- 40. A stable relationship where both members benefit
- 41. A long term, stable part of your normal flora
- 43. An example of virulence factors that involves the host not recognizing the pathogen as a foreign invader
- 45. A mode of transmission from inanimate objects
- 46. Stable relationship where one member benefits and the other is not affected
- 47. A temporary part of your normal flora
- 48. Organisms that cause infections and infectious diseases
Down
- 1. Period of recovery
- 3. Enzymes that save organisms from being lysed
- 4. An unstable relationship where one member lives at the expense of the other
- 5. Type of immunity that results from a transfusion of protection
- 6. Can be either an endogenous or an exogenous infection
- 10. A carbohydrate used by normal flora in the GI tract
- 11. The cycle by which infections move or travel from host to host
- 13. Toxic compounds, used in microbial antagonism
- 14. A host who harbours a pathogen for a short time and doesn’t get an infectious disease from it
- 17. Help the microbe move into other tissues
- 18. One of the most important virulence factors
- 19. An example of a bacteria that is more virulent when it is encapsulated as opposed to non-encapsulated strains
- 20. Type of organisms that normally produce exotoxins
- 21. Communication between bacteria by the use of chemical messages
- 24. Type of immunity that results from an immune response after exposure to an antigen
- 26. Derived from the thymus and plays an important role in cell-mediated responses
- 28. Structural glue that helps hold biofilms together
- 29. A pathogen that is usually bad
- 30. Chemicals that direct white blood cells to the site of infection
- 32. Where the pathogen stays when it is not infecting a host
- 33. The degree of pathogenicity
- 34. Whenever an infection spreads throughout the body
- 36. No signs or evidence of infection
- 38. Bacteria used to treat various conditions, one being Crohn’s
- 39. Type of organisms that normally produce endotoxins
- 42. Whenever an infection is acquired from a health care setting
- 44. Protein molecules, pili or fimbriae are examples of what adaptation your normal flora would have to have in order to overcome your body’s natural defences