Middle Ages

1. Richard I Richard III was King of England and Lord of Ireland from 1483 until his death in 1485
5. Henry IV was Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 to 1105, king of Germany from 1054 to 1105, king of Italy and Burgundy from 1056 to 1105, and duke of Bavaria from 1052 to 1054
9. Saladin led the Muslim military campaign against the Crusader states in the Levant
11. the body of all people ordained for religious duties, especially in the Christian Church
13. officially exclude (someone) from participation in the sacraments and services of the Christian Church
14. a lineage of communities and organizations of people who live in some way set apart from society in accordance with their specific religious devotion, usually characterized by the principles of its founder's religious practice
15. Gregory VII was pope from 22 April 1073 to his death in 1085
16. pope from 22 April 1073 to his death in 1085

2. law a body of unchanging moral principles regarded as a basis for all human conduct
3. The Crusades were a series of religious wars between Christians and Muslims started primarily to secure control of holy sites considered sacred by both groups. In all, eight major Crusade expeditions occurred between 1096 and 1291
4. of Assisi was an Italian Catholic friar, deacon and preacher
6. (in the UK) the highest legislature, consisting of the sovereign, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons
7. Urban II Pope Urban II, born Odo of Châtillon or Otho de Lagery, was Pope from 12 March 1088 to his death in 1099
8. Aquinas was an Italian Dominican friar, philosopher, Catholic priest, and Doctor of the Church
10. a member of any of certain religious orders of men, especially the four mendicant orders
12. Land The Holy Land is an area roughly located between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea that also includes the Eastern Bank of the Jordan River. Traditionally, it is synonymous both with the biblical Land of Israel and with the region of Palestine