Across
- 3. was a kind of heavy plow important to medieval agriculture in Northern Europe
- 7. is any belief or theory that is strongly at variance with established beliefs or customs, in particular the accepted beliefs of a church or religious organization.
- 9. was an Italian Dominican friar, Catholic priest, and Doctor of the Church.
- 12. was a group of institutions within the government system of the Catholic Church whose aim was to combat heresy.
- 13. is hostility to, prejudice, or discrimination against Jews
- 15. , is a medieval narrative, a type of epic poem that appears at the dawn of French literature
- 16. who occupied a plot of land were required to work for the lord of the manor who owned that land
- 17. native language
- 18. is the critical study of the nature of the divine
Down
- 1. is a method of critical thought which dominated teaching by the academics
- 2. is an association of artisans or merchants who oversee the practice of their craft in a particular town.
- 4. an object esteemed and venerated because of association with a saint
- 5. is an ecclesiastical censure, or ban that prohibits persons, certain active Church individuals or groups from participating in certain rites
- 6. as a direct land tax on the French peasantry and non-nobles in Ancien Régime France. The tax was imposed on each household and was based on how much land it held.
- 8. in English law is an estate in land to which is incident the right to hold a court termed court baron, that is to say a manorial court. The proper unit of tenure under the feudal system is the fee
- 10. One who is learning a trade or occupation, especially as a member of a labor union.
- 11. estimated to have killed 30–60% of Europe's total population
- 14. division or disunion, especially into mutually opposed parties.