Across
- 1. Plague: worldwide epidemic that was spread by rats; also called the Black Death
- 4. punishment for heresy; could not receive sacraments from the church
- 6. rituals of the church
- 8. Roman emperor who united much of Western Europe
- 10. peasants who worked for a lord
- 12. An agricultural estate that a lord ran and peasants worked
- 13. a grant of land made to a vassal; the vassal held political authority within his fief
- 14. disagreeing with church doctrine
Down
- 2. church officials like priests and bishops
- 3. the idea of civilized behavior that developed among the nobility; it was a code of ethics that knights were supposed to uphold
- 5. the social, economic and political system of Medieval Europe
- 7. a man who served a lord in military capacity
- 9. landowner who rented out parts of land in return for loyalty and service
- 11. a member of the heavily armored cavalry