Middle Ages/Medieval Europe

2. Kings or Queens.
7. Treaty ending the Thirty Years’ War.
10. Famous Muslim leader who defeated the Christians and took back the Holy Land.
12. A loosely organized system of government in which local lords governed their own lands but owed military service and other support to a greater lord.
13. Motivated European Christians to fight for their religion in the Middle East via religious speeches.
15. Associations of merchants or artisans who cooperated to protect their economic interests.
17. A conflict in Europe that began in Prague as a protestant rebellion against the Holy Roman Empire.
19. Title taken by the ruler of Russia.
20. He was the first Holy Roman Emperor.
21. In medieval Europe, peasants bound to the lord’s land.
22. Six-foot-long bows that could rapidly fire arrows with enough force to pierce most armor.

1. First European King to unite the Franks and accept Christianity.
3. Holy war.
4. French military leader and heroine.
5. Czarina of Russia from 1762 to 1796.
6. Communities of men who have taken religious vows.
7. Famous scholar who successfully brought together Christian faith and classical Greek philosophy.
8. A harsh Russian ruler who used violence to crush any opposition.
9. Everyday language of ordinary people.
11. Payment to a church equal to one-tenth of a person’s income.
14. The middle ages in Europe.
16. In medieval Europe, lords who were granted land in exchange for service and loyalty to a greater lord.
18. Religious beliefs that is contrary to the teachings of the church.
20. Ordained members of the church.