Middle East 1500-Present

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Across
  1. 1. Some Middle Eastern nations have adopted Western forms of __________, or nonreligious, government and law, keeping religion and government separate.
  2. 2. Rulers of the Ottoman Turkish empire were called
  3. 4. This ruler of the Ottoman Empire ruled from 1520 to 1526, revised many law codes and continued the expansion of the Ottoman Empire throughout Asia and Europe; known by his people as “the Lawgiver”.
  4. 6. Russia and Britain, both interested in Iranian oil fields, persuaded the Iranian government to grant them ____________________.
  5. 7. Which term describes the Turkish peninsula between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea?
  6. 8. Nationalism, the rise of pashas, and European powers that were eager to seize their land led to the slow downfall of the ______________
  7. 10. In the Middle East, this led to Egypt’s independence and modernizing in Turkey and Persia.
  8. 13. Which Middle Eastern nation, which also includes Islam's holiest city, has the world's largest reserves of oil?
  9. 14. The Suez Canal is a waterway in ________ that connects the Mediterranean and Red Seas(connects Asia, Europe, and Africa through trade).
  10. 15. Meccans initially resisted Muhammad’s teachings because the people feared Mecca would lose its position as a ______________ center.
  11. 16. He introduced political and economic reforms, increased foreign trade, and modernized the army in Egypt; known as “the father of modern Egypt”
Down
  1. 1. The greatest contribution of Islamic culture to the West was its
  2. 3. Islamic law required that __________ and ___________ be treated with tolerance.
  3. 5. The “Father of the Turks”, he passed many reforms to modernize, Westernize, and secularize Turkey.
  4. 9. The movement in the Middle East to unite all Arabs into one state.
  5. 11. ____________ nations took advantage of stresses in the Muslim world through diplomacy, the threat of force, and economic investment.
  6. 12. Government ruled by religious leaders
  7. 15. In the Ottoman Empire, ____________ were provincial rulers, who had gradually increased their power within the empire by the early 1800s.