Across
- 1. the Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca
- 4. a compulsory poll tax
- 8. Sail A triangular said bent to a yard hoisted to the head of a low mast
- 12. a member of a hereditary caste among the people of western Africa
- 14. the rule or reign of a caliph or chief Muslim ruler
- 15. Islamic Mysticism in Islam that arose out of the early Islamic asceticism
- 17. the wealthy landed elite that emerged in the early decades of Abbasid rule
- 18. a Moroccan Muslim scholar and traveler.
- 19. hindu groups dedicated to gods and goddesses who stressed the importance of strong emotional bonds
- 21. refers to the various Muslim dynasties that ruled in India.
- 22. any of various types of sailing vessels used by Arabs
- 23. A country of western Africa
- 26. the belief in three principles of divinity in one substance
- 28. the slave boys of the Abbasid caliphs of the Islamic Empire
- 30. Musa an emperor of the Mali Empire during the 14th century
- 31. the angel Muhammad revealed the Qur’an only through
- 34. a monotheistic faith revealed through Muhammad as the prophet of Allah
- 36. a former Turkish empire that was founded about 1300 by Osman
- 37. a member of a Persian Shiite dynasty that arose in A.D. 932
- 38. Regarded by the Shia Muslims as Muhammad’s true successor and cousin
- 40. a small stone building in the Great Mosque where Muslims pray
- 42. one of the two main branches of Islam
- 43. Arabic speaking nomadic peoples of the Middle Eastern deserts
- 45. a member of a bantu- speaking people of Zanzibar
- 46. a holy undertaken as a sacred duty by Muslims
- 47. first wife and follower of the Islamic prophet of Muhammad
- 49. the islamic sacred book
- 50. a high official in certain Muslim countries and caliphates
Down
- 2. a member of a population inhabiting in Western Asia and North Africa
- 3. constitutes the most fundamental aspect of the practice of the Islamic
- 5. organized groups of persons associated together in a particular region
- 6. The follower of the Muslim faith; obeys Allah in a complete and unqualified matter
- 7. a follower of the religion of Islam
- 9. a member of a dynasty of caliphs ruling at Baghdad
- 10. a muslim who follows specific religious traditions
- 11. an event celebrated traditionally as as the beginning of Islamic history
- 13. Group that invaded and devastated the eastern lands of Islam
- 15. a person not recognized as a citizen of any country
- 16. a major branch of the Oghuz Turks and a dynasty that ruled parts of Central Asia and the Middle East
- 20. Known as the pre-Islamic era in Arabian history by the Muslims
- 24. the Arab founder of Islam
- 25. al-Islam religious conceptualization of the world as belonging either to Muslim or non-Muslim territory, exists within Islam
- 27. the birthplace of Muhammad; the holiest city for Muslims
- 29. former islamic city-state on island off the coast of what is now southern Tanzania.
- 32. the fourth caliph of Islam who is considered to be the first caliph by Shiites
- 33. any of the military expeditions undertaken in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries by the Christian powers of Europe to recapture the Holy Land from the Muslims.
- 35. a mystical Muslim group that believed they could draw closer to God through prayer, fasting, and a simple life
- 39. The great black stone
- 41. wife of Muhammad's cousin
- 44. a member of a Muslim dynasty that ruled the Islamic world
- 48. Numerals ten digits based on the hindu-arabic numeral system