Modalities

2. using cooled water to superficially cool
4. using heated water to superficially heat
6. deep-heating modality using sound waves
7. pass electrical currents through skin into body causing nerve tissue stimulation
9. a medical condition or factor that makes it unsafe or inadvisable to use a specific treatment, procedure, or medication.
10. transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
11. hydrocollator packs, hydrotherapy, contrast therapy, and ultrasound diathermy
12. most widely used thermal modality in sports medicine

1. a specific medical condition or reason that justifies the use of a particular treatment\
2. alternating hot and cold water baths for specified time periods
3. melted, heated, liquid paraffin wax
5. moist hot packs used for superficial heating
8. deep heat uses electromagnetic energy