Across
- 4. American industrialist and owner of the Pullman Palace Car Company
- 6. African American inventor
- 10. a company's taking over its suppliers and distributors and transportation systems to gain total control over the quality and cost of its product
- 12. American industrialist and humanitarian; he focused his attention on steel making and made a fortune through his vertical integration method
- 15. A law, enacted in 1890, that was intended to prevent the creation of monopolies by making it illegal to establish trusts that interfered with free trade
- 17. American petroleum industry pioneer
- 18. Having complete control in the marketplace, without any outside competition
- 20. the merging of companies that make similar products
- 23. American inventor and newspaper editor
- 24. an 1877 case in which the Supreme Court upheld states' regulation of railroads for the benefit of farmers and consumers, thus establishing the right of government to regulate private industry to serve the public interest
- 25. Negotiation between employers and an organized group of employees on conditions of employment, such as wages or hours
- 26. American banker; he made a fortune taking over and merging businesses built by others, building a reputation for turning around mismanaged companies and making them more efficient
- 27. Leader of the American Railway Union and supporter of the Pullman strike; he was the Socialist Party candidate for president five times
- 28. American business leader who controlled the New York Central railroad and up to 4,500 miles of railroad track
Down
- 1. an economic and social philosophy
- 2. a construction company formed in 1864 by owners of the Union Pacific Railroad, who used it to fraudulently skim off railroads profits for themselves
- 3. in French, meaning "to let do"; a form of capitalism that allows companies to conduct business without intervention by the government
- 5. Irish-American labor organizer; she helped organize coal miners in the Great Strike of 1877 and led a march of injured child workers to expose the cruelties of child labor
- 7. A railroad line linking the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the United States, completed in 1869
- 8. American labor leader' he helped found the Americans Federation of Labor to campaign for workers' rights
- 9. A cheap and efficient process for making steel
- 11. American industrialist and philanthropist; he made a fortune in the oil business and used vertical and horizontal integration to establish a monopoly on the oil business
- 13. American inventor and educator
- 14. American inventor of over 1,000 patents
- 16. an alliance of trade and craft unions, formed in the 1886
- 19. a law, enacted in 1877, that reestablished the federal government's right to supervise railroad activities and created a five-member Interstate Commerce Commission to do so
- 21. a labor organization for unskilled workers
- 22. A business organization in which competing companies are under the control of a single group of trustees