Module 7: Terminology

1. A pathogen’s or microbe’s ability to infect or damage a host or be present in sufficient numbers to cause the disease.
7. Leaves produce insufficient chlorophyll.
8. Increased core temperature that slows or kills pathogens.
10. A disease that is found more commonly in certain people.
11. A sudden increase in the prevalence of a disease above the endemic rate within a small or specific region.
14. Antibodies combine chemically with substances which the body recognizes as alien.
17. A molecule that is recognized as ‘foreign’ leading to an immune response.
19. A biological agent that causes disease or illness in a host.
20. It physical blocks the entry of microbial pathofens. It also regularly sheds outer layers, thus removing cell and pathogens.

2. The ﬂuid that circulates through the lymphatic system.
3. A process where substances enter the cell. these substances then form vesicles of the ingested material.
4. The overall well-being of an individual. This includes physical, mental and social well-being.
5. Any condition that disrupts the normal functioning of an organim. It usually causes symptoms, ranging from mild to severe.
6. An outbreak of an infectious disease that spreads rapidly among individuals in a defined area or population at the same time.
9. A characteristic or feature that aids in the reproductive success of an organism.
12. Proteins produced by B cells in response to specific antigens.
13. Tiny hair-like structures. These help to move mucus upwards and trap any particles or microbes.
15. The spread of a new disease across a continent or even worldwide.
16. A broad category of small proteins that are involved in cell signaling.
18. Geographically, but if only a portion of the individuals in that area are susceptible, additional criteria may be required.