Across
- 2. When a neurotransmitter blocks or prevents a postsynaptic neuron from firing and therefore performing its functions; compare with excitatory effect (2)
- 3. Carries messages between sensory and motor neurons within the central nervous system
- 4. An experimental research design for which each participant in one condition ‘matches’ a participant in the other condition(s) on one or more participant variables of relevance; also called matched groups (2)
- 9. The arithmetical average of all the individual scores in a set of scores
- 10. Variable in an experiment that is systematically manipulated or changed by the researcher in order to test its effects on the dependent variable (2)
- 13. A relatively permanent change in behaviour due to experience
- 14. A memory store that holds a potentially unlimited amount of information for a very long time, possibly permanently; see also explicit memory and implicit memory (3)
- 15. A type of stressor involving an event that is extraordinarily stressful or disturbing for almost everyone who experiences it (2)
- 17. Mathematical procedures used for interpreting and giving meaning to results (2)
- 18. The extent to which the results obtained for a study are actually due to the variable(s) that was tested or measured and not some other factor (2)
- 19. Repetition of information over and over again so that it can be kept in short-term (or working) memory; also called rote learning; compare with elaborative rehearsal (2)
- 21. The unique combination of personal characteristics, abilities and backgrounds each participant brings to an experiment (or any other research study)(3)
- 22. A general explanation of a related set of observations or findings often including a representation in a diagrammatic form; may be used interchangeably with theory. In observational learning, who or what is being observed
- 23. A very short period of involuntary sleep that occurs while a person appears to be awake
- 24. White, fatty substance covering and insulating an axon
- 29. The long-lasting decrease in the strength of synaptic transmission; compare with long-term potentiation (3)
- 31. A score that indicates the central value of a set of scores; see also mean (4)
- 32. A state of wellbeing in which an individual realises his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and is able to make a contribution to his or her community (WHO definition)(2)
- 33. The distorting influences of present knowledge, beliefs and feelings on the recollection of previous experiences (2)
- 34. Memory that does not require conscious or intentional retrieval; see also procedural memory and classically conditioned memory; compare with explicit memory (2)
- 36. A sleep disorder that typically involves persistent difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep
- 37. Describes chemical neurotransmission as involving neurotransmitter with a distinctive shape (a ‘key’) that precisely matches the shape of the receptor site (a ‘lock’) on the postsynaptic neuron where it will bind or attach to its receptors (4)
Down
- 1. A problem or concern that affects the way a person thinks, feels and/or behaves but is typically mild and temporary, of a shorter duration than a mental disorder; compare with mental disorder and mentally healthy (3)
- 2. An influence that originates inside or within a person (2)
- 5. Questions asked by a researcher to obtain self-report data; may be structured, unstructured or semi-structured
- 6. Intentionally achieved by the use of some kind of aid, such as through meditation, hypnosis or substance use; compare with naturally occurring state (5)
- 7. A sleep disorder due to a disturbance to the circadian sleep–wake cycle caused by rapid travel across multiple time zones
- 8. Generally refers to a person’s thoughts, feelings and other mental activities that cannot be directly observed (2)
- 11. carries messages from the central nervous system to cells in skeletal muscles, organs and glands to stimulate activity (2)
- 12. In relation to stress, a type of stressor in everyday life involving change that forces an individual to adapt to new circumstances (2)
- 15. A mental health state that involves a combination of thoughts, feelings and/or behaviours which are usually associated with significant personal distress and impair the ability to function effectively in everyday life; compare with mental health problem and mentally healthy (2)
- 16. In relation to research ethics, the use of fair procedures and ensuring fair distribution of the costs and benefits of the research
- 20. A score that indicates how widely scores are distributed or spread around the central point; see also standard deviation (3)
- 22. A hormone secreted by the pineal gland in relation to the amount of light that is detected; influences alertness and drowsiness and timing of the sleep–wake cycle
- 25. A question that has content or is phrased in such a way as to suggest what answer is desired or to lead to the desired answer (2)
- 26. An experimental research design for which each participant is randomly allocated to one of two (or more) entirely separate groups (conditions) also called between participants (2)
- 27. Visual sensory memory for incoming visual information that stores visual images in their original sensory form for about a third of a second (2)
- 28. Uses points connected by lines to show how one variable changes as another variable changes (2)
- 30. Being in a generally positive state of mental wellbeing, having the ability to cope with and manage life’s challenges, working productively, striving to fulfil one’s goals and potential, and having a sense of connection to others and the community in general (WHO definition); compare with mental health problem and mental disorder (2)
- 35. Processing, storage and retrieval of information acquired through learning