Across
- 2. a characteristic of an organism. Examples of traits include skin color, eye color, hair, allergies, and many others.
- 5. the genetic makeup of an organism.
- 6. having two alleles that are the same.
- 9. an allele that is not expressed when the dominant allele is present. Recessive alleles are usually represented by lowercase letters, such as f.
- 13. an allele that is always expressed when it is present. Dominant alleles are usually represented by capital letters, such as F.
Down
- 1. a diagram that shows the possible offspring of two parents. Punnett squares allow you to determine the probability of each offspring genotype.
- 3. the passage of genetic material from parents to offspring. For each gene, an organism receives one allele from each parent.
- 4. a molecule found in the cell nucleus that encodes genetic information. DNA is short for deoxyribonucleic acid.
- 6. the offspring of genetically different parents. For example, the offspring of pure FF and ff parents is an Ff hybrid.
- 7. having two alleles that are different.
- 8. a segment of DNA that determines or helps to determine a trait. Most genes give instructions for building a particular protein. Many familiar traits are determined by several genes.
- 10. the passage of genetic information from a parent or parents to offspring.
- 11. one of two or more forms that a gene could take.
- 12. the physical appearance of an organism. Organisms with different genotypes can have the same phenotype. For example, an FF mouse and an Ff mouse both have black fur.