music activity: Africa & Arab

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Across
  1. 3. : To play very well on guitar
  2. 4. : long-necked harp lute of the Malinke people of western Africa. The instrument's body is composed of a long hardwood neck that passes through a calabash gourd resonator, itself covered by a leather soundboard.
  3. 6. drum: an hourglass-shaped drum from West Africa, whose pitch can be regulated to mimic the tone and prosody of human speech.
  4. 7. a rope-tuned skin-covered goblet drum played with bare hands, originally from West Africa
  5. 9. a musical term meaning a variety of rhythms played together to make a piece of music, making part or all of a tune or piece of music off-beat.
  6. 10. the simultaneous use of two or more rhythms that are not readily perceived as deriving from one another, or as simple manifestations of the same meter.
  7. 13. : most instruments in the Arab world and is used to play Middle Eastern music. It is a plucked lute with a deep body and is the ancestor of the European lute
  8. 14. a gourd-resonated xylophone, a type of struck idiophone.
  9. 15. : traditional to the Shona people of Zimbabwe. They consist of a wooden board (often fitted with a resonator) with attached staggered metal tines, played by holding the instrument in the hands and plucking the tines with the thumbs (at minimum), the right forefinger (most mbira), and sometimes the left forefinger.
  10. 16. is the simultaneous variation of a single melody line. A variation of the melody is played over the original melody.
Down
  1. 1. is a type of bagpipes played in Tunisia, Chakwa in East of Algeria.
  2. 2. and response where the second phrase is heard as a direct commentary on or in response to the first.
  3. 5. is a motif that persistently repeats in the same musical voice, frequently in the same pitch.
  4. 8. : an end-blown flute that figures prominently in Middle Eastern music.
  5. 10. a musical instrument that is sounded by being struck or scraped by a beater including attached or enclosed beaters or rattles struck, scraped or rubbed by hand or struck against another similar instrument.
  6. 11. violin: also known as jawza or joza in Iraq) is a type of a bowed string instrument so named no later than the 8th century and spread via Islamic trading routes over much of North Africa, the Middle East, parts of Europe, and the Far East.
  7. 12. type of musical texture consisting of two or more simultaneous lines of independent melody,