Across
- 2. Abbasid chief administrator
- 5. Tower of a mosque
- 11. Capital of Umayyad empire
- 12. "Sacred Place"
- 13. Crier of Muslim faith
- 14. Covered market
- 15. Spain's Muslim center
- 16. Ottoman Capital
- 17. Led Umayyad revolt in Iraq
- 18. Tax collector
- 20. Repetitive pattern
- 21. Only accepts descendants of Umayyad's
- 22. Roamer
- 24. Old capital of Umayyad Empire
- 25. People of the book
- 28. "Holder of Power"
Down
- 1. Prime minister
- 3. decisions made by the state
- 4. Favored class in Abbasid empire
- 6. Capital of Ottoman Empire
- 7. Arab ruler
- 8. Ottoman guard
- 9. Gift to a bride's family
- 10. Mediterranean pastoral people
- 16. Mistress
- 18. Language of "high culture"
- 19. Founder of Islam
- 23. Abbasid trade center
- 26. Only accepts descendants of Muhammad's son
- 27. Religious advisors