Mycobacterium spp. General and TB

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Across
  1. 4. the latency period of tuberculosis can last for __________
  2. 8. the M. bovis __________ strain comes from the live-attenuated TB vaccine
  3. 10. MTB is nitrate positive, but __________ negative, which helps distinguish it from other species
  4. 11. we do not necessarily care to distinguish between the species of the MTB complex because it does not change the __________ course of treatment
  5. 12. this species of Mycobacterium is the predominant cause of human tuberculosis and has dry, granular colonies
  6. 13. this TB skin test triggers a localize hypersensitivity reaction in patients that have been exposed to TB, but false positives are possible
  7. 14. in some patients, if the concentration of Mycobacterium antigen is high, a hypersensitivity reaction may result in this
  8. 17. patients with this disease are especially vulnerable to TB infections
  9. 19. NTM stands for non-__________ mycobacteria
  10. 20. the mycobacterium tuberculosis __________ is composed of M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, and M. africanum
  11. 21. this type of tuberculosis has spread to other organ systems, such as the genitourinary tract, bones, and joints
  12. 22. because of their hydrophobic cell wall, Mycobacteria do not stain well and appear on gram stains as __________ gram positive rods
  13. 23. __________ of a single organism of M. tuberculosis can be enough to cause infection, and 15-20% go on to develop tuberculosis
  14. 24. this stage of tuberculosis is not infectious and has no active disease
Down
  1. 1. a key characteristic of tuberculosis visible on chest x-ray is the formation of __________ in response to the infection
  2. 2. the key characteristic of Mycobacteria is their acid-fast cell wall, which contains __________ and lipids
  3. 3. Mycobacteria such as TB can survive and multiply within a cell, making them __________ pathogens
  4. 5. this type of tuberculosis results from the progression of latent TB into active TB and usually results from a change in immune function
  5. 6. it is difficult to diagnose TB in individuals with HIV because of non-specific chest x-rays and a generally __________ immune response
  6. 7. M. tuberculosis is the only Mycobacterium species that is strongly positive for this biochem
  7. 9. Mycobacteria require oxygen to metabolize, so they are __________
  8. 12. this TB test works by evaluating the cytokines released by a patient's T cells when exposed to MTB antigen
  9. 15. M. tuberculosis is unable to replicate in the __________
  10. 16. MTB grows __________
  11. 18. due to their cell walls, Mycobacteria are resistant to __________ and antimicrobial agents