National 5 Unit 1

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Across
  1. 2. This term describes a swollen plant cell with a full vacuole resulting from water intake due to osmosis.
  2. 3. Describes the conditions (of temperature and pH) at which an enzyme works best.
  3. 4. A structural carbohydrate from which plant cell walls are composed.
  4. 6. deoxyribonucleic acid
  5. 9. The base that pairs with Thymine in a DNA molecule
  6. 10. Membrane-bound organelles that contain chlorophyll and are the site of photosynthesis in plant cells.
  7. 12. The passive movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to and area of lower concentration down a concentration gradient.
  8. 14. Two molecules of this 3-carbon compound are produced by splitting one glucose molecule during the first stage of respiration
  9. 15. A molecule composed of long chains of amino acids
  10. 16. membrane Is made of proteins and phospholipids. It controls the entry and exit of substances into and out of the cell (it is selectively permeable
  11. 17. produced from pyruvate during fermentation in animal cells
  12. 18. A series of enzyme-controlled reactions that releases energy in all living cells.
  13. 19. messenger ribonucleic acid
  14. 20. An alcohol produced (along with Carbon Dioxide) during fermentation inplant and yeast cells
  15. 22. A reaction in which large, complex substrates are broken down into smaller, simpler molecules.
  16. 24. Acids Units from which proteins are composed.
  17. 25. The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.
  18. 26. A simple sugar that is broken down to release energy through the process of respiration.
Down
  1. 1. The location of the second, aerobic stage of respiration
  2. 5. Describes an enzyme that has changed shape as a result of extreme temperature or pH. A
  3. 7. energy storing molecule
  4. 8. A process not requiring energy.
  5. 11. A watery, jelly-like material within cells that is the site of chemical reactions.
  6. 13. permeable This term refers to a membrane that controls the movement of certain molecules depending on their size.
  7. 15. This term describes plant cells in which the vacuole has shrunk and the membrane has pulled away from the wall due to water loss.
  8. 21. Proteins that act as chemical messengers between cells.
  9. 23. Biological catalysts which speed up vital chemical reactions in living things.
  10. 24. Site The position on the surface of an enzyme molecule to which a specific substrate molecule can bind.