Nervous System

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Across
  1. 6. a detectable change in the physical or chemical structure of an organism's internal or external environment
  2. 8. the long threadlike part of a nerve cell along which impulses are conducted from the cell body to other cells.
  3. 9. the membrane that receives a signal (binds neurotransmitter) from the presynaptic cell and responds via repolarization or hyperpolarization
  4. 12. Any of the cells that hold nerve cells in place and help them work the way they should
  5. 16. Afferent neurons are sensory neurons that carry nerve impulses from sensory stimuli towards the central nervous system and brain, while efferent neurons are motor neurons that carry neural impulses away from the central nervous system and towards muscles to cause movement
  6. 17. a structure containing a number of nerve cell bodies, typically linked by synapses, and often forming a swelling on a nerve fiber
  7. 19. Afferent neurons are sensory neurons that carry nerve impulses from sensory stimuli towards the central nervous system and brain, while efferent neurons are motor neurons that carry neural impulses away from the central nervous system and towards muscles to cause movement
  8. 20. a sensory receptor which receives stimuli from within the body, especially one that responds to position and movement
  9. 21. allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells.
  10. 23. generally can refer to any neuron that acts as an intermediary in passing signals between two other neurons. Interneurons do not have motor or sensory functions; they just act to pass on information
  11. 24. the cell membrane of an axon terminal that faces the receiving cell.
Down
  1. 1. Schwann cells (SCs) are the main glial cells of the peripheral nervous system which wrap around axons of motor and sensory neurons to form the myelin sheath
  2. 2. the nucleus-containing central part of a neuron exclusive of its axons and dendrites that is the major structural element of the gray matter of the brain and spinal cord, the ganglia, and the retina — see neuron illustration
  3. 3. a chemical substance that is released at the end of a nerve fiber by the arrival of a nerve impulse and, by diffusing across the synapse or junction, causes the transfer of the impulse to another nerve fiber, a muscle fiber, or some other structure
  4. 4. a large granular body found in neurons
  5. 5. a gap in the myelin sheath of a nerve, between adjacent Schwann cells
  6. 7. sites at which transmitters, locally formed mediators or hormones inhibit or facilitate the release of a given transmitter from its axon terminals
  7. 8. The part of the nervous system that controls muscles of internal organs (such as the heart, blood vessels, lungs, stomach, and intestines) and glands (such as salivary glands and sweat glands)
  8. 10. the part of the nervous system outside of the brain and spine
  9. 11. small swellings that are found at the terminal ends of axons
  10. 13. controls most functions of the body and mind. It consists of two parts: the brain and the spinal cord. The brain is the center of our thoughts, the interpreter of our external environment, and the origin of control over body movement
  11. 14. The fundamental units of the brain and nervous system, the cells responsible for receiving sensory input from the external world, for sending motor commands to our muscles, and for transforming and relaying the electrical signals at every step in between
  12. 15. The somatic nervous system is the part of the peripheral nervous system that is responsible for carrying motor and sensory information both to and from the central nervous system
  13. 18. (in the body) a whitish fiber or bundle of fibers that transmits impulses of sensation to the brain or spinal cord, and impulses from these to the muscles and organs
  14. 22. a short branched extension of a nerve cell, along which impulses received from other cells at synapses are transmitted to the cell body