Across
- 2. lobe output center, motor, emotions
- 4. gland endocrine gland found near the center of the brain that produces melatonin
- 6. the site of transmission of electric nerve impulses between two nerve cells or between a neuron and an effector
- 7. matter grayish nerve tissue of the CNS mainly composed of nerve cell bodies and dendrite
- 11. a bundle of nerve fibers
- 12. arc the route followed by nerve impulses in the production of a reflex, from the peripheral receptor organ through the afferent nerve to the CNS synapse and then through the efferent nerve to the effector organ
- 14. potential the electrical activity developed in an excitable cell when stimulated
- 16. responsible for the integration of complex sensory and neural functions and the initiation and coordination of voluntary activity in the body
- 19. carry info from the outside world, such as sensations of heat, cold, and pain to the brain and spinal cord
- 20. part of the nervous system that is outside the brain and spinal cord. the nerves connect the CNS to sensory organs and to other organs of the body, muscles, blood vessels, and glands
- 23. the 3 membranes (the dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater) that lines the skull and vertebral canal and enclose the brain and spinal cord
- 24. gland called the master gland because it produces hormones that control other glands and many body functions including growth
- 25. lobe smell and hearing
- 30. body the factory of the neuron. it produces all the proteins for the dendrites, axons, and synaptic terminals and contains specialized organelles
- 31. cell forms the epithelial lining of the ventricles in the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord
- 33. a class of cells in the brain and spinal cord that form a supporting structure for the neurons and provide them with insulation
- 34. several fascicles bundled together with a blood supply and fatty tissue within this covering
- 37. of ranvier a thick insulation that has small breaks
- 39. NS part of the autonomic nervous system and tends to depress secretion, decrease the tone and contractility of smooth muscle, and increase heart rate
- 42. cortex responsible for memory, brooch's area, recognition
- 43. nerves mixed nerve, which carries motor, sensory, and autonomic signals between the spinal cord and the body; there's 31 pairs
- 46. barrier a layer of tightly packed cells that make up the walls of the brain capillaries and prevent substances in the blood from diffusing freely into the brain: passage across the cell membranes is determined by solubility in the lipid bilayer or recognition by a transport molecule
- 52. located throughout the brain and spinal cord, they act as the first and main form of active immune defense in the CNS
- 53. nerve nerves composed of both motor and sensory fibers, and transmit messages in both directions at once
- 54. a specialized, impulse-conducting cell that is the functional unit of the nervous system
- 55. surround and insulate the long fibers (axons) through which the nerves send electrical messages
- 56. coordinates both the autonomic nervous system and the activity of the pituitary, controlling body temp, thirst, hunger, and other homeostatic systems, and involved in sleep and emotional activity
- 57. callosum nerve fibers that join the left and right hemisphere of the brain
- 58. cell cell of the PNS that wraps around a nerve fiber, jelly-roll fashion, forming the myelin sheath
- 60. the process or act of restoring the polarized condition across the plasma membrane of a cell
- 61. nerve (afferent nerve) nerve that carries sensory info toward the CNS
- 62. space space containing cerebrospinal
- 63. stem posterior part of the brain, adjoining and structurally continuous with the spinal cord
- 64. relays sensory info and acts as a center for pain perception
- 66. may result from an increase in the permeability of the cell membrane to sodium ions
- 67. the cell that connects sensory and motor pathways for reflexes
- 69. abnormal buildup of the cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain
- 71. lobe sight
- 72. a polarized nerve cell
- 73. function is to coordinate and regulate muscular activity
- 76. protective sheath around each fascicle
- 77. nerves each of twelve pairs of nerves that arise directly from the brain and pass through separate apertures in the skull
Down
- 1. part of the PNS associated with skeletal muscle voluntary control of body movements
- 3. part of the nervous system which consists of the brain and spinal cord
- 4. mater delicate innermost layer of the meninges, the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord
- 5. system a group of deep brain structures, including the hippocampus, amygdala, gyrus fornicatus, and connecting structures, associated with emotion, motivation, behavior, and various autonomic functions
- 8. terminal contain neurotransmitters of various kinds
- 9. transmit impulses from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles
- 10. cortex the cerebrum's outer layer of neural tissue
- 13. a narrow split or groove that divides the brain
- 15. matter mainly composed of axons- white nerve tissue of the CNS
- 17. a nerve ending specialized to sense or receive stimuli
- 18. nerve carries command info out of the CNS toward effectors that will execute the commands
- 19. mater delicate fibrous membrane forming the middle of the 3 coverings of the central nervous system
- 21. a bundle of fibers that uses electrical and chemical signals to transmit sensory and motor info from one body part to the other
- 22. part of the nervous system responsible for control of the bodily functions not consciously directed, such as breathing, the heartbeat, and digestive processes
- 26. branch out and receives signals from the nerve cells
- 27. a traumatic injury to soft tissue in the brain
- 28. convolution on the surface of a cerebral hemisphere caused by the infolding of the cerebral cortex
- 29. neuron neuron that possesses a single axon and many dendrites, allowing for the integration of a great deal of information from other neurons
- 32. hillock where the axon is joined to the cell
- 35. crevices in the cortex of the cerebrum that bound the gyri
- 36. layer of delicate connective tissue around the myelin sheath of each nerve fiber
- 38. part of the brainstem just above the pons; contains nerve pathways between the cerebral hemispheres and the medulla oblongata as well as nuclei; the center for visual reflexes such as moving the head and eyes
- 40. links the medulla oblongata and the thalamus
- 41. the process of combining info from many sources. the nervous system combines info from the different senses
- 44. posterior part of the forebrain, containing the epithalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus, and ventral thalamus and the third ventricle
- 45. star-shaped connective tissue cells of the nervous system that link nerve cells to blood vessels and, by wrapping round brain capillaries, help to form the blood-brain barrier
- 47. fluid produced in the choroid plexuses of the ventricles of the brain sound in the brain and spine
- 48. fatty white substance that surrounds the axon of some nerve cells, forming an electrically insulating layer
- 49. any of the sensory nerve endings that give info concerning movements and position of the body
- 50. NS part of the involuntary nervous system that serves to slow the heart rate, increase intestinal and glandular activity, and relax the sphincter muscles
- 51. sense organ a nerve ending specialized to sense or receive stimuli
- 59. an injury in which the subsurface tissue is injured but the skin is not broken
- 65. cell any of the cells that envelop the bodies of nerve cells within the PNS
- 68. main function is the secretion of melatonin by the pineal gland; connected with both the limbic system and the basal ganglia
- 70. mater though, fibrous membrane forming the outermost of the 3 coverings of the brain and spinal cord
- 74. oblongata the continuation of the spinal cord within the skull, forming the lowest part of the brainstem and containing control centers for the heart and lungs
- 75. area associated with the movements necessary for speech production