Nervous System

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Across
  1. 2. lobe the visual processing center of the mammalian brain containing most of the anatomical region of the visual cortex
  2. 5. an initiator of nerve impulses following receptor stimulation
  3. 11. the area of the CNS; contains unmyelinated nerve fibers and nerve cell bodies
  4. 12. conelike region of the cell body
  5. 13. the branching extensions of neurons that carry electrical signals to the cell body; receptive portion of the cell
  6. 17. a specialized cortical area that is very involved in our ability to speak
  7. 22. nerves containing the processes of motor and sensory neurons; their impulses travel to and from the CNS
  8. 23. a small endocrine gland in the vertebrate brain
  9. 27. middle meningeal layer; weblike
  10. 29. part of the hind brain; involved in producing smoothly coordinated skeletal muscle activity
  11. 32. the membranes that cover the spinal cord and brain
  12. 33. self-directed;self-regulating;independent
  13. 35. the neuroendocrine gland located beneath the brain that serves a variety of functions including regulation of the gonads, thyroid, adrenal cortex, water balance, and lactation
  14. 36. contains the auditory cortex which is responsible for hearing
  15. 37. white substance of the CNS; the myelinated fibers
  16. 39. regulate the activity of smooth muscles
  17. 45. the collection of spinal nerves at the inferior end of the vertebral canal
  18. 48. an electrical event occurring when a stimulus of sufficient intensity is applied to a neuron or muscle cell
  19. 50. restoration of the membrane potential to the initial resting state
  20. 51. cavities within the brain
  21. 53. bundle of neuronal processes outside the central nervous system
  22. 56. a division of the autonomic nervous system; also referred to as the craniosacral division
  23. 59. a single process emerging from the cell body
  24. 60. several processes extending from the cell body
  25. 61. the brain area connecting the medulla with the midbrain, providing linkage between upper and lower levels of the CNS
  26. 62. carrying away or away from
  27. 65. impulses traveling from the body's sensory receptors are localized and interpreted in this area of the brain
  28. 66. a delicate connective tissue sheath surrounding each fiber in a nerve
  29. 68. elevated ridges of tissue
  30. 70. the rough ER; are particularly abundant in the cell body
  31. 71. the simpler types of sensory receptors in the skin
  32. 76. process that processes and interprets the sensory input and decides what should be done at each moment
  33. 77. shallow grooves
  34. 81. cells of the nervous system specialized to transmit messages throughout the body
  35. 83. the non-neuronal tissue of the central nervous system that performs supportive and other functions
  36. 85. fluid the fluid produced by choroid plexuses; fills the ventricles and surrounds the CNS
  37. 86. the innermost membrane; clings tightly to the surface of the brain and spinal cord, following every fold
  38. 87. act as protective, cushioning cells
  39. 88. a peripheral nerve ending specialized for response to particular types of stimuli
  40. 89. the loss of a state of polarity; the loss of a negative charge inside the plasma membrane
  41. 90. include all reflexes that stimulate the skeletal muscles
  42. 92. a small gap in the myeline sheath of a myelinated nerve fiber
  43. 93. completes the pathway between afferent and efferent neurons
  44. 94. the leathery outermost layer; is a double-layered membrane where it surrounds the brain
  45. 95. extends down the dorsal median plane of the developing embryos body
Down
  1. 1. gathered information
  2. 3. the state of an unstimulated neuron or muscle cell in which the inside of the cell is relatively negative in comparison to the outside; the resting state
  3. 4. hemisphere the most superior part of the brain and together are a good deal larger than the other 3 brain regions combined
  4. 6. nerves the 31 pairs of nerves that arise from the spinal cord
  5. 7. neutral pathway for reflexes
  6. 8. subcortical motor centers help control skeletal muscle movements
  7. 9. carry only motor fibers
  8. 10. a tough, fibrous sheath that binds together the fascicles in a nerve
  9. 14. automatic reaction to a stimulus
  10. 15. coarse connective tissue wrapping that binds groups of fibers in a nerve, forming fascicles
  11. 16. mediates emotional response and involved in memory processing
  12. 18. a division of the peripheral nervous system; also called the voluntary nervous system
  13. 19. the outer layer surrounding a Schwann cell of myelinated axon
  14. 20. contain hundreds of tiny vesicles, or membranous sacs, that contain chemicals called neurotransmitters
  15. 21. the metabolic center of the neuron
  16. 24. located behind the forehead and serves to regulate and mediate the higher intellectual functions
  17. 25. neurons with two processes
  18. 26. relays ascending sensory pathway impulses from skin and proprioceptors; relays sensory information to the cerebellum; site of crossover pyramids
  19. 28. glia that wrap their flat extensions tightly around the nerve fibers, producing myeline sheaths
  20. 30. nerves the 12 pairs of nerves that arise from the brain
  21. 31. a bundle of nerve or muscle fibers bound together by connective tissue
  22. 34. a mechanism that inhibits passage of materials from the blood into brain tissues
  23. 38. "water on the brain"
  24. 40. Form the myeline sheaths around nerve fibers that are in the PNS
  25. 41. the brain and the spinal cord
  26. 42. a division of the autonomic nervous system; opposes parasympathetic functions; called the fight or flight division
  27. 43. forms the roof of the third ventricle
  28. 44. the region of communication between neurons
  29. 46. a glistening white continuation of the brain stem
  30. 47. a collection of nerve fibers in the CNS having the same origin, termination, and function
  31. 49. responsible for speech, memory, logical and emotional response, as well as consciousness, interpretation of sensation, and voluntary movement
  32. 52. the deepest depressions or inward folds on the brain
  33. 54. contains visual and auditory reflex centers; contains subcortical motor centers
  34. 55. the part of the forebrain between the cerebral hemispheres and the midbrain
  35. 56. a system of nerves that connects the outlying parts of the body with the central nervous system
  36. 57. a response that is caused by activating effector organs
  37. 58. the region of the diencephalon forming the floor of the third ventricle of the brain
  38. 63. a potential space; extensions of the arachnoid mater span the subarachnoid space to attach to the pia mater
  39. 64. spiderlike phagocytes that monitor the health of nearby neurons, and dispose of debris
  40. 67. glial cells that line the central cavities of the brain and the spinal cord
  41. 69. intermediate filaments that are important in maintaining cell shape
  42. 72. carrying to or toward a center
  43. 73. the largest part of the brain
  44. 74. connects the cerebral hemispheres
  45. 75. a white, fatty lipid substance
  46. 78. a prominence or projection
  47. 79. a receptor located in a muscle or tendon; concerned with locomotion, posture, and muscle tone
  48. 80. the portion of the brain consisting of the medulla, pons, and midbrain
  49. 81. a cluster of cell bodies found in the central nervous system
  50. 82. a mass of gray matter in the diencephalon of the brain
  51. 84. abundant star-shaped cells that account for nearly half of the neural tissue
  52. 91. neuron process that carries impulses away from the nerve cell body; efferent process