Network Layer

4. Assigning unique identifiers to devices in a network.
6. Field that limits the lifespan of a packet in a network.
8. Temporary storage of packets while waiting for transmission.
10. Independent packet of data that travels across a network without a fixed path.
11. Process of moving data between devices within a network.
15. Connecting multiple networks to function as one.
16. Protocol used for sending error messages and operational information.
18. 128-bit addressing system designed to replace IPv4.
19. Breaking large packets into smaller pieces for transmission.

1. Condition when network traffic exceeds capacity, causing delays.
2. Process of selecting the best path for data to travel across networks.
3. Moving packets from one interface of a router to another.
5. Dividing a large network into smaller, manageable parts.
7. Combining multiple networks into a larger network.
9. Putting fragmented packets back together at the destination.
12. Set of rules governing data communication.
13. Technique used to manage network performance and prioritize traffic.
14. Method that allows flexible allocation of IP addresses using prefix notation.
17. Technique used to identify network and host portions of an IP address.
20. 32-bit addressing scheme commonly used in earlier internet systems.