Networking

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Across
  1. 2. A basic networking device that connects multiple devices in a network. It operates at the physical layer of the OSI model.
  2. 5. A more advanced networking device than a hub, operating at the data link layer. It uses MAC addresses to forward data only to the device it is intended for.
  3. 7. A smaller network within a larger network. Often used to organize hosts based on location or function.
  4. 8. The identity of each host on the internet, essential for communication. It consists of 32 bits, divided into four octets and represented as a decimal number.
  5. 12. A set of rules governing the format of data sent over the internet or other networks. IP addresses are a key component of the Internet Protocol.
  6. 15. The IP address indicating the origin of a data packet. For example, when a client sends a request to a server, the source IP address is the client's IP address.
  7. 16. Network of interconnected devices embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies, enabling them to collect and exchange data.
  8. 17. In the context of IP addresses, refers to the organization of IP addresses into subnets.
  9. 19. A device that connects different networks and directs traffic between them based on IP addresses. It operates at the network layer of the OSI model.
  10. 20. A type of grouping of hosts based on shared characteristics or requirements. In networking, logical grouping refers to creating networks where hosts have similar connectivity needs.
Down
  1. 1. The use of largely automatic systems to perform tasks without human intervention, especially in the context of networking, where automation simplifies and streamlines processes.
  2. 2. Any device that sends or receives traffic. Examples include computers, laptops, phones, printers, servers, and cloud resources.
  3. 3. A device that connects and filters traffic between two network segments at the data link layer of the OSI model.
  4. 4. A unit of data transmitted over a network. It includes the actual data being sent, as well as control information like source and destination IP addresses.
  5. 6. A type of host that initiates requests. For instance, a computer making a request to a web server.
  6. 7. A type of host that responds to requests. For example, a web server providing content in response to a client's request.
  7. 9. The IP address indicating the intended recipient of a data packet. In the context of a client-server interaction, the destination IP address is the server's IP address when the client is making a request. In response, when the server sends data back to the client, the source and destination IP addresses are swapped.
  8. 10. The process of dividing and assigning IP addresses hierarchically, creating sub-networks or subnets.
  9. 11. Computing services and resources (e.g., servers, storage, databases) delivered over the internet, often provided by cloud service providers.
  10. 13. A logical grouping of hosts that share similar connectivity. Networks facilitate the transportation of traffic between hosts.
  11. 14. A technology that allows devices to connect wirelessly to a local area network (LAN) using radio waves.
  12. 18. A network device that amplifies and retransmits signals to extend the reach of a network.
  13. 21. Conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a communication system into seven abstraction layers, from physical transmission to application.
  14. 22. Provides internet access to consumers by managing the data exchange between networks.