Neuro Anatomy

5. a nerve cell forming part of a pathway along which impulses pass from the brain or spinal cord to a muscle or gland.
6. the change in electrical potential associated with the passage of an impulse along the membrane of a muscle cell or nerve cell
8. a short branched extension of a nerve cell, along which impulses received from other cells at synapses are transmitted to the cell body.
10. the signal that travels along the length of a nerve fiber and ends in the release of neurotransmitters.
13. the part of the nervous system responsible for control of the bodily functions not consciously directed, such as breathing, the heartbeat, and digestive processes.
16. originates in the brain stem and lower part of the spinal cord; opposes physiological effects of the sympathetic nervous system: stimulates digestive secretions; slows the heart; constricts the pupils; dilates blood vessels
18. the long threadlike part of a nerve cell along which impulses are conducted from the cell body to other cells.
19. a detectable change in the internal or external environment.
20. an insulating layer surrounding vertebrate peripheral neurons, that dramatically increases the speed of conduction.

1. the cylindrical bundle of nerve fibers and associated tissue that is enclosed in the spine and connects nearly all parts of the body to the brain, with which it forms the central nervous system.
2. a specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses; a nerve cell.
3. originates in the thoracic regions of the spinal cord; opposes physiological effects of the parasympathetic: reduces digestive secretions; speeds the heart; contracts blood vessels
4. the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord.
7. crepuscular rodents, slightly larger and more robust than ground squirrels, native to the Andes Mountains in South America.
9. a chemical substance that is released at the end of a nerve fiber by the arrival of a nerve impulse and, by diffusing across the synapse or junction, causes the transfer of the impulse to another nerve fiber, a muscle fiber, or some other structure.
11. the fight or flight response is a physiological reaction that occurs in response to a perceived harmful event, attack, or threat to survival.
12. a neuron conducting impulses inwards to the brain or spinal cord
14. a junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter.
15. the complex of nerve tissues that controls the activities of the body. In vertebrates it comprises the brain and spinal cord.
17. an organ or cell able to respond to light, heat, or other external stimulus and transmit a signal to a sensory nerve.