Across
- 3. Mutations that decrease fitness, they reduce survival or fertility
- 6. Mutations that allow organisms to adapt to their environment therefore increasing fitness.
- 8. Any substitution of nucleotides which results in the same amino-acid product after transcription and translation
- 10. An alteration of the neutral theory that states that mutant alleles which are detrimental to the species have a greater probability of being selected against rather than being selected for; thus not being completely neutral.
- 11. A mutation that has little or no effect on fitness.
Down
- 1. A theory for the rate of evolution where evolutionary change happens in short bursts followed by periods of stagnancy.
- 2. Selection where the frequency of one biological lineage affects the frequency of another.
- 4. The molecular theory of evolution which states that evolutionary change happens at the molecular level through mutations that are neutral in nature (like synonymous substitution) and variation between species is the result of random genetic drift of these mutated alleles.
- 5. Any substitution of nucleotides which results in a different amino-acid product after transcription and translation.
- 7. Large sections of DNA present in mammalian genes primarily composed of G and C.
- 9. A key entity in genetics that describes the proportion of advantageous, neutral, or deleterious mutations in a population.