Across
- 3. the reinforcer which gains its ability to reinforce response because it is associated with a primary reinforcer is called a ___.
- 7. conditioning that has a natural & automatic response situation is known as ___.
- 8. after an organism has learned the association between the unconditioned stimulus and the conditioned stimulus, it will respond to stimuli which are similar to the unconditioned stimulus. This known as ___.
- 9. kind of conditioning in which the animal performs some act in order to gain reinforcement is called ___.
- 11. If an organism is given reinforcement after a set period of time, it is on a ___.
- 13. is designed to stop or weaken a response.
- 17. the stimulus which elicits a response after being paired with the unconditioned stimulus is called the ___, and the response is knows as the ___.
- 19. if the animal learns that it will be rewarded (reinforced) on only one stimulus, we say it has learned ___.
- 21. When reinforcement is given after a set number of responses, we call this the __.
- 22. ___ strengthens the response because it is stopped or removed.
- 23. when we continuously present the conditioned stimulus without reinforcement, the animal will stop responding. We say the response has undergone ___.
- 26. we learn patterns of behaviour by watching others and deciding what to imitate. This behaviour is acquired by ___.
Down
- 1. schedule of reinforcement wherein the organism is given reinforcement at differing times is called ___.
- 2. the name given to all learning in a social situation is called __.
- 4. other methods of reinforcement, called ___ are used wherein the animal is not reinforcement is given is the ___.
- 5. the stimulus that naturally elicits a response is called ___, and the natural response is called ___.
- 6. generally, animals that perform in a circus learn their tricks by being rewarded in steps leading up to the desired response. This is known as __.
- 10. the process of classical conditioning was accidentally discovered by __ who used dogs as laboratory subjects.
- 12. ___ strengthens a response because it is presented or given to the animal.
- 14. EC Tolman claimed that humans and animals are able to form mental images of where they are located in the environment. These are called __.
- 15. a way of learning based on abstract mental processes and previous knowledge is the ___.
- 16. A ___ is something that is absolutely essential for survival, such as food, water, etc.
- 18. the schedule of reinforcement wherein the number of responses varies before reinforcement is given is the ___.
- 20. operant conditioning is almost always associated with __, who did extensive research with animals.
- 24. in addition to forming cognitive maps, rats in mazes also used techniques for solving problems called __.
- 25. when an animal has learned a number of desired response, these may be put together to form a sequence of acts. This is known as ___.