Nutrition

4. enhances performance by reducing perceived fatigue, but its effects vary between individuals, with potential for increased heart rate, impaired motor control, and anxiety at higher doses.
9. stored primarily in muscles and the liver, is influenced by dietary carbohydrate intake and physical activity.
10. begins in the mouth, where food is broken down by teeth and saliva containing amylase.
11. juice, rich in nitrate, reduces the oxygen cost of submaximal exercise and may enhance exercise tolerance, with effects potentially dependent on age, diet, fitness, exercise nature, and nitrate dosage.

1. nervosa involves binge eating, guilt about weight and eating patterns, use and abuse of laxatives, and self-induced vomiting, while sufferers are often of normal weight.
2. increase urine production and are banned by WADA due to their use in masking steroid use and for temporary weight loss.
3. system breaks down food through mechanical and chemical processes, allowing enzymes to break down larger compounds into smaller, absorbable forms.
5. should focus on foods that enhance preparation, participation, and recovery from training and competition.
6. diet offers benefits such as increased energy, improved immunity, healthy weight, and reduced risk of chronic disease.
7. nervosa is characterized by a fear of fatness, excessive worry about weight, under-eating, excessive weight loss, and excessive exercise, and often leads to serious ill health or death.
8. deficiencies impair health and performance, but supplementation only enhances performance when a pre-existing deficiency exists.