Nutrition- Ch 5&6

3. amount of energy needed to raise temperature of 1 kg of water 1 degree Celsius
5. gland connected to small intestine; produces pancreatic juice that breaks down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
6. blood disorder characterized by lack of energy, weakness, shortness of breath, and cold hands and feet; caused by lack of iron
7. special protein that helps chemical reaction take place
8. deficiency or severe shortage of nutrient, caused by faulty or inadequate nutrition
9. billions of tiny fingerlike projections that line folds of small intestines
10. carbohydrates with complicated structures; starches
14. complicated chemical arrangements that plants form by combining single glucose units to build starches
16. plant materials that are eaten but can’t be digested by human enzymes
17. green pigment in plants; must be present for photosynthesis to occur
18. storage forms of glucose
19. process through which living cells use nutrients in chemical reactions in order to provide energy for vital processes and activities
20. nutrient that is a person’s main source of energy; found mostly in plant foods
21. tube that connects mouth and stomach

1. (RDA) amount of a nutrient needed by 98 percent of the people in given age and gender group
2. mechanical and chemical process that breaks food down to release nutrients in forms the body can absorb for use
4. minimum amount of energy needed to maintain basic body processes
11. muscle action of esophagus that forces food into stomach
12. movement of nutrients into blood stream
13. blood sugar formed when carbohydrates are fully broken down chemically
15. formed when two monosacchrides combine chemically
20. thick liquid resulting as stomach breaks down food mechanically through peristalsis