Nutrition Part I Terms

Edit Answers

2. – Food group; vary types and colors.
5. – Stored form of glucose in muscles and liver.
8. – Nutrients needed in small amounts: vitamins and minerals.
10. – CNS depressant; provides energy but slows reaction time and is not recommended for athletes.
11. Foods – Foods high in nutrients relative to calories.
13. – Food group; make at least half your grains whole.
14. – Nutrition guide emphasizing variety, moderation, gradual improvement, and physical activity.
16. My Plate – Visual guide showing proper portion sizes and all 5 food groups.
17. Vitamins – Vitamins C and B-complex; excess excreted in urine, not stored.
18. (Food Group) – Food group; choose lean options like chicken, fish, beans.
21. – Nutrients needed in large amounts: carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
22. – A type of complex carbohydrate that aids digestion and may prevent colon cancer.
23. – The science of food and how it affects the body.
26. – Mineral that helps with nerve function and water balance.
27. Sources – Meat, fish, eggs, beans, peanut butter.
30. – Measure of energy provided by food.
32. Calories/Junk Food – Foods low in nutrients relative to calories.
34. – Mineral involved in energy reactions.
35. Vitamins – Vitamins A, D, E, K; stored in body fat.
37. – Concentrated energy source (1g = 9 calories); <25% of total calories recommended.

1. – Mineral for strong bones and teeth.
3. – Minerals like sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium that maintain water balance and prevent cramping.
4. – Most essential nutrient; regulates temperature, cushions joints, and aids excretion.
6. – Needed for growth, maintenance, repair, and enzyme/hormone production.
7. Carbohydrates – Nutrient- and fiber-rich; digested slowly (e.g., whole grains, rice, vegetables).
9. – Mineral important for bones and energy production.
12. (CHO) – Main energy source; should make up 55–60% of total calories.
13. Supercompensation (Carb Loading) – Increasing glycogen stores before endurance events for more energy.
15. – Diet mostly from plant sources; may require careful planning to avoid nutrient deficiencies.
19. – Mineral important for nerve function and muscle contraction.
20. – CNS stimulant found in coffee, tea, chocolate, soda; increases alertness.
24. – Mineral needed for oxygen transport in blood.
25. – Weak bones due to low calcium/phosphorus.
28. – Substances in food needed to grow, repair, maintain body cells, regulate processes, and provide energy.
29. – Low iron levels; reduces oxygen transport, causes fatigue.
31. Carbohydrates – Refined sugars with few nutrients; quickly digested (e.g., candy, honey, fruit juice).
33. – Food group; focus on eating a variety of fruits.
36. – Food group; source of calcium and other nutrients.