Across
- 2. xylems cells are dead at maturity, so no protoplasm and cross-walls to ______ waterflow through lumen
- 5. irregularly shaped cells that allow for gaseous exchange in the leaf
- 7. the phloem transports _______ from leaves to other parts of the plant
- 9. light ____________ point is where rate of respiration = rate of photosynthesis
- 10. companion cells contain many ____________ to carry out respiration and release energy for active transport of manufactured food substances from photosynthesis
- 12. in the night, K+ ions move out of guard cells via diffusion, so water moves out of guard cells to neighbouring cells via osmosis, causing the guard cells to become _______, closing the stoma
- 13. the transport of food in the phloem tissue
- 14. the pores in the sieve plates allow for _____________ flow of food substances through the sieve tubes
- 15. during the day, guard cells photosynthesise and energy is used to pump K+ ions into guard cells via active transport, so water from neighbouring cells enter via osmosis, causing the guard cells to swell and become ______, opening the stoma
- 17. root hair cell has long and narrow protrusion to increase _______ ____ __ ______ _____ for rapid absorption of water and minerals
- 19. upper epidermis and lower epidermis are single layers of closely-packed cells that function to protect the leaf from ________ ______
- 21. inner walls of xylem are deposited with ______ to strengthen walls and provide support
- 22. a phenomenon that occurs due to excessive transpiration, where plant cells become flaccid and leaves fold up to reduce water loss
- 23. spongy mesophyll cells are covered in a thin film of ________ to allow carbon dioxide to dissolve in it
- 24. the loss of water vapour from the stomata of the leaves through diffusion; a consequence of gaseous exchange in plants for photosynthesis to occur
- 26. a transparent layer that coats the upper epidermis of the leaf
- 27. root hair cell has many mitochondria to fuel more ______ for active transport of mineral salts into root hair cell
- 28. tightly packed, regularly shaped cells that are the main site of photosynthesis in the leaf
- 29. bean-shaped cells that surround the stomata to control the opening and closing of the stomata
- 31. water enters root hair cells and subsequently the xylem via _______
- 32. cuticle is waxy and waterproof to reduce _____ ____ through evaporation from the leaf
Down
- 1. mineral salts enter root hair cells via diffusion or ______ _________
- 3. the xylem transports water and _______ _____ from roots to other parts of the plant
- 4. spongy mesophyll contains large _____________ ___ ______ to allow for quick diffusion of gases like carbon dioxide into all photosynthetic cells
- 5. phloem is made up of sieve tube elements and companion cells, where the sieve tube has porous walls in between each sieve tube element called _____ ______
- 6. the process in which green plants trap light energy and converts it into chemical energy for the formation of carbohydrates and its subsequent uses
- 8. a factor that directly affects the process; by increasing its amount, it increases the rate of process
- 11. at a constant temperature and carbon dioxide concentration, the rate of photosynthesis increases with increasing light intensity until it reaches a plateau, where light intensity becomes the limiting factor; this is called the light __________ point
- 16. spongy mesophyll contains the ________ ______, which consists of xylem and phloem tissues that are responsible for the transport of substances in the plant
- 18. root hair cell ____ ___ contains sugars, amino acids and mineral salts and that its water potential is lower than that of soil solution, to drive water potential gradient for osmosis
- 20. palisade mesophyll contains the most number of ____________ among the tissue in the leaf to increase absorption of sunlight for photosynthesis (hint: organelle)
- 25. the site of gaseous exchange in plants
- 30. the pigment found in chloroplasts that traps light energy
- 33. photosynthesis is a process that is highly dependent on _______, thus rate of photosynthesis is affected by temperature