Oceanography Vocabulary

2. A series of ocean waves with extremely long wavelengths caused by large-scale disturbances
4. An opening in the sea floor out of which heated mineral-rich water flows.
10. The extended perimeter of each continent, which lies submerged under relatively shallow seas.
11. A layer in a body of water where the temperature changes rapidly with depth.
13. An underwater mountain range formed by plate tectonics.
17. The rising of cold, nutrient-rich water from deep in the ocean to the surface
18. A flat, almost level area of the deep-ocean basin.
20. The deep ocean layer, where no sunlight reaches

1. The steep slope where the continental shelf drops to the deep ocean floor
3. Aquatic animals that can swim and move independently of water currents.
5. The layer of the ocean at depths between 4,000 and 6,000 meters.
6. Zone The deepest layer of the ocean, found in ocean trenches
7. Small and microscopic organisms drifting or floating in the sea
8. The concentration of salts in water
9. Organisms that live on, in, or near the seabed.
12. A deep, narrow depression in the ocean floor, often caused by tectonic activity.
14. Zone The uppermost layer of the ocean, where sunlight penetrates
15. The middle layer of the ocean, receiving very little light.
16. A diverse underwater ecosystem held together by calcium carbonate structures secreted by corals.
19. An underwater mountain rising from the ocean floor that does not reach the surface.