Oxygenation

2. A subjective feeling of not getting enough air
3. A reduced level of tissue oxygenation
5. An increased anterior-posterior chest diameter, resulting from air trapping in the alveoli, that occurs in chronic respiratory disease
7. Gas exchange occurs at the alveolar level where blood is oxygenated and carbon dioxide is removed.
8. Temporary cessation of breathing
9. Elevated respiratory rate above normal range according to the patient’s age
10. Enlargement of the fingertips that occurs with chronic hypoxia
11. Bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes

1. Mechanical movement of air into and out of the lungs
3. Elevated level of carbon dioxide in the blood
4. Decreased respiratory rate less than the normal range according to the patient’s age
6. Difficulty in breathing that occurs when lying down and is relieved upon changing to an upright position